Chapter 10 - Nervous System Flashcards
(68 cards)
1
Q
cerebr/o encephal/o
A
brain
2
Q
myel/o
A
spinal cord, bone marrow
3
Q
neur/i neur/o
A
nerves
4
Q
Sensory organs and receptors
A
eyes (sight) ears (hearing) nose (smell) skin (touch) tongue (taste)
5
Q
caus/o
A
burning, burn
6
Q
concuss/o
A
shaken together, violently agitated
7
Q
contus/o
A
bruise
8
Q
encephal/o
A
brain
9
Q
-esthesia
A
sensation, feeling
10
Q
esthet/o
A
feeling, nervous sensation, sense of perception
11
Q
-graphy
A
process of producing a picture or record
12
Q
klept/o
A
to steal
13
Q
-mania
A
obsessive preoccupation
14
Q
mening/o
A
membranes, meninges
15
Q
-phobia
A
abnormal fear
16
Q
psych/o
A
mind
17
Q
-tropic
A
having an affinity for
18
Q
AD
A
alzheimers disease
19
Q
ALS
A
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
20
Q
ADHD
A
attention deficit hyperactive disorder
21
Q
CP
A
cerebral palsy
22
Q
CSF
A
cerebrospinal fluid
23
Q
ECG
A
electroencephalography
24
Q
EPAN
A
epidural anesthesia
25
ICP
intracranial pressure
26
LOC
levels of consciousness
27
MS
multiple sclerosis
28
OCD
obsessive compulsive disorder
29
CNS, functions, parts
central nervous system _brain spinal cord -receive and process information to regulate the body activity
30
PNS, functions, parts
peripheral nervous system, transmit nerve signals to and from the CNS, 12 pairs of cranial nerves extending from brain and 31 pairs of peripheral spinal nerves extending outward from spinal cord
31
nerve
one or more bundles of neurons connect brain and spinal cord with body parts
32
ganglion
nerve center made of cluster of nerve cells outside CNS
33
plexus
network of intersecting spinal nerves
34
receptors
sites in sensory organs receive external stimuli
35
stimulus
anything that excites a nerve causing impulse
36
neurons
basic cell of NS allow different body parts to communicate
37
Type of neurons and functions
ACE- SAM
Afferent- sensory- send signal to CNS
connecting- associative-link sensory and motor
neurons
efferent- motor send signal away from CNS to
appropriate body part
38
dendrites
root like processes receive impulse and conduct them to cell
39
axon
process conducts impulses away from nerve cell
40
terminal end fibers
branching fibers at end of axon lead impulse to synapse
41
synapse
space between neuron and receptor organ
42
neurotranmitters
chemical substances make messages cross from synapse of one neuron to the target receptor
43
Endorphines
neurotransmitter for pain relief
44
norepinephrine
neurotransmitter responds to hypotension and physical stress
45
acetylcholine
neurotransmitter infuences muscle action
46
dopamine
neurotransmitter involved in mood
47
serotonin
neurotransmitter roles in sleep hunger and pleasure
48
glial cells
support protect neurons
49
glial cell 4 functions
| SIDS
supply nutrients and oxygen
insulate one neuron from another
destroy remove dead neurons
surround neuron
50
myelin sheath
protective covering made of glial cells
51
myelinated
white matter
52
unmyelinated
grey matter
53
meninges
system of membranes enclose brain and spinal cord of CNS
54
Dura matter
outermost membrane of meninges
55
arachnoid membrane
second layer of meninges
56
pia mater
third layer of meninges
57
cerebrospinal fluid
cool cushion organs from shock and injury
| nourish brain and SC transporting nutrients and chemical messengers to tissues
58
cerebrum
judgement memory thought emotion control of motor and sensory function
59
cerebrum hemispheres
left-controls function of right side of body
| right0 controls left side of body
60
thalamus
relays sensory info from SC and midbrain to cerebral cortex
61
hypothalamus
controls vital functions of heart rate, BP, respiratory rate, digestive activity, emotional responses, body temp, hunger sensations, thirst snesations, sleep-wake cycle, pituitary and endocrine system.
62
cerebellum
coordinates muscular activity and balance for smooth steady motion
63
brain stem
(midbrain pons medulla) controls functions needed to survive (breathing digestion heart rate BP)
64
cerebral lobes (4)
frontal-controls motor function memory and behavior
parietal-receives and interprets from tongue skin
and muscles
Occipital- eyesight
Temporal- hearing and smell create store access
new information
65
midbrain-pons
provide conduction pathways to and from higher and lower centers in brain
66
medulla
basic survival functions
67
spinal cord
contains all nerves that affect limbs and lower part of body, pathway for nerve impulses to brain
68
Specialized peripheral nerves
autonomic-instructions from ANS
sensory-stimuli
somatic-motor
