Chapter 10: Shock

Question 1

Medical shocked can be defined as ___

Answer 1

A state of collapses and failure of the cardiovascular system

Question 2

The underlying cause of shock:

Answer 2

Hypoperfusion

Question 3

___ is the presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling

Answer 3

Edema

Question 4

___ occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both

Answer 4

Distributive shock

Question 5

___ occurs as a result of severe infections of the body in which toxins are produced

Answer 5

Septic shock

Question 6

The ability of the heart to contract:

Answer 6

Myocardial contractility

Question 7

___ is usually the result of damage of the spinal cord that causes injury to the part of the nervous system that controls blood vessel tone

Answer 7

Neurogenic shock

Question 8

___ occurs when a person reacts violently to a substance to which they have been sensitized

Answer 8

Anaphylactic shock

Question 9

___ is the medical term for fainiting

Answer 9

Syncope

Question 10

___ is when a patient has a sudden reaction of the nervous system that produces a temporary vascular dilation

Answer 10

Psychogenic shock

Question 11

___ is the result of an inadequate amount of fluid or volume in the system

Answer 11

Hypovolemic shock

Question 12

The early stage of shock when the body is still able to accommodate for blood loss:

Answer 12

Compensated shock

Question 13

The late stage of shock when the BP is falling is know as ___

Answer 13

Decompensated shock

Question 14

A transfusion during ___ will not save the persons life

Answer 14

Irreversible shock

Question 15

___ may be the last measurable factor to change in patients with shock

Answer 15

BP

Question 16

A ___ pulse in a trauma patient suggests compensated shock

Answer 16

Rapid

Question 17

The only really effective treatment for anaphylactic shock due to a severe secure allergic reaction is:

Answer 17

Epinephrine

Question 18

The emergency treatment of hypovolemic shock, or ___, is ___

Answer 18

Hemorrhagic shock; control of all obvious external bleeding

Question 19

Effective perfusion requires:

Answer 19

Intact cardiovascular system and functioning respiratory system

Question 20

Most types of shock are caused by dysfunction in ____

Answer 20

One or more parts of the perfusion triangle

Question 21

Ingredients of blood:

Answer 21

Red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, platelets

Question 22

___ pressure is the peak arterial pressure

Answer 22

Systolic

Question 23

The various types of shock include:

Answer 23

Cardiogenic, obstructive, hypovolemic, anaphylactic, neurogenic, septic, and psychogenic

Question 24

By the time ___ is detected, shock is usually in an advanced stage

Answer 24

Low blood pressure

Question 25

Signs of decompensated shock include:

Answer 25

Labored/irregular respiration, cyanosis, weak/absent distal pulses, dilated pupils, profound hypotension

Question 26

First step in treating shock:

Answer 26

Open and maintain the airway

Question 27

Second step in treating shock:

Answer 27

Provide high-flow oxygen and assist with ventilations if necessary using BMV

Question 28

Step 3 in treating for shock:

Answer 28

Control all obvious external bleeding

Question 29

Step 4 in treating shock:

Answer 29

Place patient in shock position or Trendelenburg's position if the on backboard

Question 30

Step 5 in treating shock:

Answer 30

Maintain normal body temp

Question 31

Step 6 in treating shock:

Answer 31

Provide prompt transport

Question 32

During your primary assessment, the patients presents with a poor LOC. You should:

Answer 32

Request ALS support

Question 33

2 aspects of scene size-up:

Answer 33

Ensure scene safety (standard precautions, number of patients, additional resources) and MOI/NOI

Question 34

Goal of the primary assessment:

Answer 34

Identify and initiate treatment for any immediate or potential life threats

Question 35

A life threat is any situation or condition that negatively impacts:

Answer 35

Airway, breathing, or circulation

Question 36

To maintain a patent airway for a patient who is semi-conscious, or unconscious with an intact gag reflex, use ___

Answer 36

A nasopharyngeal airway adjunct

Question 37

DCAP-BTLS stands for:

Answer 37

``` Deformities Contusions Abnormalities Penetration/punctures Bleeding Tenderness Lacerations Swelling ```

Question 38

To assess circulation, evaluate:

Answer 38

Distal pulse rate and quality; skin color, temperature, and condition; look for life threatening bleeding.

Question 39

If a distal pulse is not palpable, assess for

Answer 39

Central pulse

Question 40

Consider rapid transport for a patient exhibiting any of these signs:

Answer 40

Airway or respiratory problem, significant external bleeding, signs or symptoms of internal bleeding.

Question 41

History taking should take place during the ____

Answer 41

primary assessment

Question 42

The 6 pain questions:

Answer 42

``` Onset Palliation/provocation Quality Region/radiation Severity Timing ```

Question 43

___ should take place prior to placing a patient on a backboard

Answer 43

Physical examination assessing for DCAPBTLS