Final review

Question 1

Signs of compensated shock include:

Answer 1

tachycardia, tachypnea, restlessness, pallor, and cool, clammy skin

Question 2

___ is indicative of decompensated shock in a patient with internal bleeding

Answer 2

hypotension

Question 3

Reduced tidal volume would most likely be the result of respirations that are ___

Answer 3

shallow

Question 4

Appropriate treatment for a patient with partial thickness burns over 50% of the body would include:

Answer 4

covering the burns with dry sterile dressings and preventing further loss of body heat

Question 5

Following the initial steps of resuscitation, a newborn remains apneic and cyanotic. You should:

Answer 5

begin ventilation with a BVM device

Question 6

___ indicates a lower airway obstruction

Answer 6

wheezing

Question 7

EMTs in most states are required to report which of the following:
Animal bite, Vehicle crash, injury to a minor, drug overdose

Answer 7

Animal bite

Question 8

Sudden cardiac arrest in the adult population is MOST often the result of:

Answer 8

cardiac dysrhythmia

Question 9

Sudden onset tachycardia in a patient who has just been administered nitro is most likely the result of

Answer 9

drop in BP

Question 10

A pediatric patient with hot, flushed skin experiencing multiple seizures over the course of 20 or more minutes with no postictal state and no regaining of consciousness between seizures is most likely experiencing

Answer 10

status epilepticus

Question 11

A near-drowning is MOST accurately defined as:

Answer 11

survival for at least 24 hours following submersion in water.

Question 12

Prior to applying a nonrebreathing mask on a patient with difficulty breathing, you should:

Answer 12

profile the reservoir bag to ensure 100% oxygen delivery

Question 13

The priority in a patient with a lateral jugular laceration, but whose breathing is adequate and airway is patent should be:

Answer 13

keep air out of the wound and control bleeding

Question 14

You should be MOST suspicious that a patient with chest pressure has an underlying cardiac problem if his or her pulse is:

Answer 14

irregular

Question 15

When the incident command system is activated at the scene, you should expect to:

Answer 15

report back to your section officer in between assignments

Question 16

This type of patient may present with vague, unusual, or atypical symptoms of AMI:

Answer 16

elderly women with diabetes

Question 17

Compensated shock in the infant or child is characterized by:

Answer 17

poor peripheral perfusion (slow capillary refill time)

Question 18

Appropriate technique for performing 2-rescuer CPR on a child or infant includes:

Answer 18

15 compression to 2 ventilation, compressing the sternum with the heel of your hand, and ventilating until visible chest rise occurs

Question 19

A ___ should not be placed in a plastic biohazard bag because it is actually sharp:

Answer 19

plastic IV catheter

Question 20

Any patient who’s chest pain is not relieved with NTG should be assumed to be experiencing:

Answer 20

cardiac ischemia (MI)

Question 21

The AED analyzes your pulseless and apneic patient’s cardiac rhythm and advises that a shock is NOT indicated. You should:

Answer 21

resume CPR, beginning with chest compressions

Question 22

During your assessment of a patient who experienced blunt facial trauma, you note the presence of a hyphema. This indicates:

Answer 22

direct trauma to the eyeball

Question 23

Melena, tachycardia, and hematemesis are all signs of :

Answer 23

GI bleeding

Question 24

Signs/Symptoms of Rocky Mountain spotted fever include:

Answer 24

nausea, vomiting, headache, weakness, paralysis, and possibly cardiopulmonary failure

Question 25

The quickest way to reduce cardiac ischemia in a patient experiencing an acute coronary syndrome is to:

Answer 25

sit or lay the patient down

Question 26

Pulseless electrical activity is described as:

Answer 26

any organized cardiac rhythm, fast or slow, that doesn't produce a palpable pulse

Question 27

A 3 year old child experiencing respiratory distress who does not acknowledge your presence is likely experiencing:

Answer 27

severe hypoxia

Question 28

Immediately after receiving an order from medical control you should:

Answer 28

repeat the order back to medical control word for word

Question 29

sildenafil, vardenafil, and tadalafil are all examples of:

Answer 29

erectile dysfunction medications

Question 30

Positive pressure ventilation are indicated in a newborn if:

Answer 30

he is apneic or has gasping respirations, HR is less than 100bpm, or central cyanosis persists despite blow-by oxygen

Question 31

The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle is to:

Answer 31

form a general impression of the child without touching him

Question 32

While assisting a paramedic in starting an IV on a patient, you are inadvertently stuck by the contaminated needle while attempting to place it in the sharps container. You should:

Answer 32

eek medical care as soon as possible

Question 33

As you begin ventilating an unresponsive apneic man, you hear gurgling in his upper airway. Your MOST immediate action should be to:

Answer 33

quickly turn the patient onto his side so secretions can drain.

Question 34

Following delivery of a newborn and placenta, you note that the mother has moderate vaginal bleeding. The mother is conscious and alert and her vital signs are stable. Treatment for her should include:

Answer 34

administering oxygen and massaging the uterus.

Question 35

Aspirin is beneficial to patients experiencing an acute coronary syndrome because it

Answer 35

prevents a clot from getting larger.

Question 36

Which ventilation technique will enable you to provide the greatest tidal volume AND allow you to effectively assess lung compliance?

Answer 36

one-rescuer mouth-to-mask ventilation

Question 37

You are dispatched to a residence for a 20-year-old male with respiratory distress. When you arrive, you find that the patient has a tracheostomy tube and is ventilator dependent. His mother tells you that he was doing fine, but then suddenly began experiencing breathing difficulty. You should:

Answer 37

remove him from the mechanical ventilator and ventilate him manualy

Question 38

A patient has severe facial injuries, inadequate breathing, and copious secretions coming from the mouth. How should this situation be managed?

Answer 38

Alternate suctioning for 15 seconds and ventilations for 2 minutes

Question 39

Law enforcement is on scene at a bar and informs you that your patient is the young male, who is sitting against the wall screaming in pain with bright red blood spurting from a gunshot wound near his groin. You should:

Answer 39

apply pressure to the wound.

Question 40

Which of the following structures is responsible for regulating body temperature?

Answer 40

Hypothalamus

Question 41

``` Which of the following injury mechanisms is associated with hangings? Hyperextenision Distraction Axial loading Subluxation ```

Answer 41

Distraction

Question 42

Routes of disease transmission include:

Answer 42

Direct/indirect contact, airborne, food borne, vector borne

Question 43

Regular respiratory rate for infants:

Answer 43

25-50 breathes/min

Question 44

Regular respiratory rate for children:

Answer 44

15-30 breathes/min

Question 45

The inadequate attempts at breathing in a patient in cardiac arrest Is called:

Answer 45

agonal gasps

Question 46

An apneic patient being ventilated with a BVM should receive ___ to maintain the airway.

Answer 46

an oral airway adjunct

Question 47

After arriving on scene where a 55 yo Pt collapsed, two-bystander CPR is in progress, your first action should be:

Answer 47

stop CPR and assess breathing & pulse

Question 48

Agonal respirations are not adequate because they are:

Answer 48

infrequent, gasping respiratory efforts

Question 49

During delivery of a baby's head, you note a nucal chord, you should:

Answer 49

make one attempt to gently remove the chord from around the neck

Question 50

Damaged small blood vessels beneath the skin following blunt trauma causes:

Answer 50

ecchymosis (hematoma occurs from rupture of larger vessels

Question 51

Cyanosis to the periphery of the body is called:

Answer 51

acrocyanosis (cyanosis of the extremities)

Question 52

The most appropriate time to complete the PCR for a critically ill or injured Pt is:

Answer 52

as soon as all Pt care activities are completed

Question 53

When assessing a sexual assault victim, it is most important to:

Answer 53

ensure all life-threatening injuries are treated

Question 54

When caring for a critically injured Pt, it is most appropriate to perform the secondary assessment:

Answer 54

while en route to the hospital

Question 55

The most appropriate question to ask a pregnant woman in labor with contractions at 4-5 minutes:30 seconds would be:

Answer 55

how many weeks gestation are you

Question 56

Pulse & Respiratory rates for neonates

Answer 56

90-180/30-60

Question 57

Pulse & Respiratory rates for infants

Answer 57

100-160/25-50

Question 58

Pulse & Respiratory rates for toddlers

Answer 58

90-150/20-30

Question 59

Pulse & Respiratory rates for preschool age children

Answer 59

80-140/20-25

Question 60

Pulse & Respiratory rates for school age children

Answer 60

70-120/15-20

Question 61

Pulse & Respiratory rates for adolescents

Answer 61

60-100/12-20

Question 62

Pulse & Respiratory rates for adults (all ages)

Answer 62

60-100/12-20

Question 63

Angina occurs when the hearts need for oxygen ___

Answer 63

exceeds it's supply

Question 64

When blood flow is restricted to an area of the heart for an extended time, the resulting cell death is called:

Answer 64

myocardial infarction

Question 65

In ___ the problem is that the heart lacks enough power to force the proper blood volume through the circulatory system

Answer 65

Cardiogenic shock

Question 66

___ occurs when the left ventricle of the heart is so damaged it cannot keep up with the return flow of blood from the atria.

Answer 66

CHF

Question 67

The most comfortable way for CHF patients to be transported is ___

Answer 67

sitting up with the legs down

Question 68

When arriving to the scene of a trench rescue, park the ambulance at least ___ from the scene

Answer 68

500 ft

Question 69

You should not attempt to actively rewarm a patient with moderate or severe hypothermia in the field because:

Answer 69

rewarming too quickly can cause a fatal cardiac dysrhythmia.

Question 70

A mass casualty incident is defined as an incident:

Answer 70

that overwhelms your resources, regardless of the number of patients

Question 71

The position of comfort for a patient with nontraumatic chest pain MOST commonly is:

Answer 71

semisitting

Question 72

In right sided heart failure, blood collects in the ___ causing ___

Answer 72

body; edema & JVD

Question 73

Left heart failure typically causes blood to pool in the ___ causing ___

Answer 73

lungs; dyspnea/pulmonary edema

Question 74

After moving a hypothermic patient to a warmer area, your primary focus should be to:

Answer 74

prevent further body heat loss

Question 75

After assisting a patient with his or her prescribed nitroglycerin, you would NOT expect him or her to experience a:

Answer 75

syncopal episode

Question 76

NTG (nitroglycerin) works by:

Answer 76

dilating the coronary arteries, this increasing the oxygen supply to the heart and relieving a cardiac patient's chest pain

Question 77

Vertex presentation during childbirth refers to:

Answer 77

delivery of the head first (normal presentation)

Question 78

Breech presentation is commonly associated with a higher incidence of:

Answer 78

prolapse of the umbilical cord

Question 79

When treating a patient with chest pain, pressure, or discomfort, you should first:

Answer 79

place the patient in a position of comfort

Question 80

A minimum of ___ people should be utilized to safely restrain a patient who is a potential harm to himself or others

Answer 80

4

Question 81

You are performing abdominal thrusts on a 19-year-old male with a severe airway obstruction when he becomes unresponsive. After lowering him to the ground and placing him in a supine position, you should:

Answer 81

begin CPR, starting with chest compressions

Question 82

___ is the MOST reliable indicator of a fracture to a spinal vertebra.

Answer 82

Palpable pain at the site of injury

Question 83

When providing care to multiple patients at the scene of a mass-casualty incident, your goal should remain focused on:

Answer 83

transporting patients to the hospital

Question 84

The primary clinical feature associated with exposure to a vesicant agent is:

Answer 84

blistering

Question 85

Vesicant (blistering) agents include:

Answer 85

sulfur mustard (H), Lewisite (L), and phosgene oxide (CX)

Question 86

Medications such as albuterol (Ventolin) relieve respiratory distress by:

Answer 86

relaxing the smooth muscle of the bronchioles