Chapter 10 (Shoulder Joint)

Question 1

Describe the shoulder joint.

Answer 1

• Ball-and-socket
• Most movable but least stable
• Moves in all 3 planes

Question 2

What are joint motions in the sagittal plane?

Answer 2

Flexion, extension, hyperextension

Question 3

What are joint motions in the frontal plane?

Answer 3

Abduction, Adduction

Question 4

What are joint motions in the tranverse plane?

Answer 4

• External + Internal rotation

- Horizontal abduction + adduction

Question 5

Name some scapular landmarks.

Answer 5

• Gleniod fossa - Subscapulae fossa
• Infraspinous fossa - Supraspinous fossa
• Axillary border - Labrum
• Acromion Process - Vertebral border

Question 6

Describe gleniod fossa

Answer 6

Shallow, egg shape

Question 7

Provides attachment for the subscapularis

Answer 7

Subscapulae Fossa

Question 8

Describe the infraspinous fossa

Answer 8

Above the spine, infrapinous attachment

Question 9

Sits above spine of fossa, supraspinous attachment.

Answer 9

Supraspinous Fossa

Question 10

Provieds attachment for the teres major and minor

Answer 10

Axillary border

Question 11

Fibrocartilage ring that helps deepen the socket to give the head of the humerus more room

Answer 11

Labrum

Question 12

Provides attachment for the middle deltoid

Answer 12

Acromion attachment

Question 13

What are the landmarks of the humerus?

Answer 13

1. Head 2. Neck (2 types)
2. Shaft 4. Greater + Lesser tubercles
3. Deltiod Tuberosity 6. Bicipital groove

Question 14

This deepens the articular cartilage, surrounds the gleniod fossa

Answer 14

Labrum

Question 15

How many rotator cuffs are there and what do they do?

Answer 15

• 4

- help keep the head of humerus “rotating” against the glenoid fossa during joint motion

Question 16

What is thoracolumbar fascia?

Answer 16

Superficial fibrous tissue sheet which provides attachment for latissimus dorsi

Question 17

What helps give shoulder some stability?

Answer 17

Ligaments, joint capsule, rotator cuff muscles, shoulder muscles

Question 18

What is sublaxation?

Answer 18

• Joint comes out of place.
• Humerus comes out of joint socket.
• Due to paralysis and muscle weakness and loss of tone, lack of socket depth.
• Humerus need to be put back into joint before proceeding with ROM

Question 19

What are the muscles of the shoulder joint?

Answer 19

• deltoid -supraspinatus
• Pectoralis major -latissimus dorsi
• teres major -teres minor
• infraspinatus -subscapularis
• coracobrachialis -bicep brachi
• triceps brachi

Question 20

What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 20

1. Supraspinatus
2. Infraspinatus
3. Teres minor
4. Subscapularis

Question 21

What is the origin and insertion of the deltiod?

Answer 21

I= humerus 
O= Clavicle

Question 22

What are the actions of the deltiod?

Answer 22

Anterior= Flexion horizontal abd. + adduction 
Middle= Abduction
Posterior = Extension, Lateral rotation, horizontal abd. + adduction

Question 23

What is the origin, insertion and action of the supraspinatus? (hint: rotator cuff)

Answer 23

O= scapula 
I= Insertion 
A= Shoulder abduction

Question 24

What is the origin, insertion and action of the pectoralis major?

Answer 24

O= sternum/ some ribs
I= humerus 
A= horizontal adduction, adduction, IR

Question 25

What is the origin, insertion and action of the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 25

``` O= spine I= humerus A= Extension, adduction, internal rotation, hyperextension ```

Question 26

What is the origin, insertion and action of the teres major?

Answer 26

``` O= scapula I= humerus A= Extension, adduction, IR ```

Question 27

What is the origin, insertion and action of the infraspinatus? (hint: rotator cuff)

Answer 27

``` O= scapula I= Humerus A= Shouler ER, horizontal abduction ```

Question 28

What is the origin, insertion and action of the teres MINOR?

Answer 28

``` O= scapula I= humerus A= Shoulder ER, Horizontal abduction ```

Question 29

What is the origin, insertion and action of the subscapularis? (hint: rotator cuff)

Answer 29

``` O= scapula I= humerus A= Shoulder IR ```

Question 30

What is the origin, insertion and action of the coracobrachialis?

Answer 30

``` O= scapula I= humerus A= stabilizer (very small moment arm) ```

Question 31

What muscles are involved with Flexion?

Answer 31

Anterior deltiod and pectoralis major

Question 32

What muscles are involved with extension?

Answer 32

- Posterior deltiod -Latissimus dorsi | - Teres major - Pectoralis major

Question 33

What muscles are involved with hyperextension?

Answer 33

Latissimus dorsi and Posterior deltiod

Question 34

What muscles are involved with abduction?

Answer 34

Deltiod and supraspinatus

Question 35

What muscles are involved with adduction?

Answer 35

- Pectoralis major - Teres major - Latissimus dorsi

Question 36

What muscles are involved with horizontal abduction?

Answer 36

- Posterior deltoid - infraspinatus - Teres minor

Question 37

What muscles are involved with horizontal adduction?

Answer 37

Pectoralis major and anterior deltoid

Question 38

What muscles are involved with lateral rotation?

Answer 38

- Infraspinatus - Teres minor - Posterior deltoid

Question 39

What muscles are involved with medial rotation?

Answer 39

- Latissimus dorsi - Pectoralis major - Teres minor - Anterior deltiod - Subscapularis