Chapter 10: The High Middle Ages Flashcards
Why is the High MIddle Ages called so?
the cultural and intellectual flourishing that occurred from about 1100 to 1300 in Europe—notably, the rise of Scholasticism as a method of study and learning, the related emergence of universities in urban centers throughout Europe, and the writing of the major theologians of Christianity (Thomas Aquinas and Francis of Assisi) and Judaism (Moses Maimonides).
Also everything was taller
Skellig Michael
a monastery off the coast of ireland that was extremely inaccessible and isolated
The University of Paris
the center of western civilization in the High Middle Ages, the humane learning inherited from the culture of Greece and Rome and accepted the faith of the West, which had its origin in the worldview of the Judeo-Christian scriptures and religious worldviews
What made the distinct expression of culture in and around paris possible?
renewed interest in learning, fueled largely by the discovery of hitherto lost texts from the Classic world- especially the writing of Aristotle- that came to the West via the Muslim world
scholasticism
the system of philosophy and theology taught in medieval european universities, based on aristotelian logic and the writing of early church fathers that has come to imply insistence on traditional doctrine
What is the Gothic style linked to
the Abbey Church of Saint-Denis outside of Paris in the first half of the 12th century under the sponsorship of Abbot Suger
“Gothic” irony
associated with some of the most magnificently engineered and aesthetically rich buildings ever erected but was named after the Goths (barbarians that attacked the Roman Empire) because this loser (Giorgio Vasari) saw it as ugly because he was a prick obsessed with Classical Greek and Roman styles
choir (architecture)
the part of the church occupied by singers, usually located between a transept and the major apse
Gothic style
began in 1140 with the construct of the choir of the church of Saint-Denis just north of Paris (they used pointed arches, more stained glass)
crypt
an underground vault or chamber, particularly under a church, that is used as a burial place
flying buttress
an arched masonry support that carries the thrust of a roof or a wall away from the main structure if a building to an outer pier or buttress
Notre-Dame
a mixture of Gothic styles applied over times, construction began in 1163 and wasn’t finished until almost a century later, the grid like pattern accentuate the verticality
sexpartite rib vault
a rib vault divided into six parts and formed by the intersection of barrel vaults
What is considered the first true High Gothic church?
Chartres Cathedral
rectangular bay system
a floor plan that places rectangular units in the nave, such that each square is defined by its own vault and a square unit in the side aisles
Sainte-Chapelle
built to house relics of the Passion of Jesus Christ including the crown of thorns
King Louis
the medieval Cumberbatch or Hiddleston
Saint Denis (pseudo-Dionysius)
a 5th century Syrian monk whose work on the mystical theology were strongly influenced by the Neo-Platonic philosophers as well as by Christian doctrine
lux nova
an allusion to the biblical description of god as the god of light
mullions
a slender vertical piece that divides the units of a window or door
censers
a container carrying incense that is burned especially during religious services (the ball on a chain thing)
Romanesque vs Gothic sculpture
Romanesque was fire and brimstone and damnation, Gothic was life, Jesus, Virgin Mary.
archivolts
an ornamental molding around an arched wall opening
contrapposto
a position in which a figure is obliquely balanced around a central vertical axis, also known as the weight-shift principle
