Chapter 11

Question 1

_ played an important role in the settling of the American West.

Answer 1

Mining

Question 2

Demand for minerals rose dramatically after the _ _.

Answer 2

Civil War

Question 3

Quickly growing towns that spring up, usually around some sort of valuable mineral strike, are known as _.

Answer 3

boomtowns

Question 4

Hydraulic mining can be deveastating to the local _ .

Answer 4

environment

Question 5

_ _ is when water is sprayed at a very high pressure against a hill or mountain, washing away large quantities of dirt, gravel, and rock and exposing valuable minerals beneath the surface.

Answer 5

Hydraulic mining

Question 6

The invention of _ _ brought an end to the practices of free grazing on the open range and long drive cattle drives.

Answer 6

barbed wire

Question 7

_ _ are self appointed volunteers who track down and punish wrong doers and criminals.

Answer 7

Vigilance committees

Question 8

The _ _ is a vast area of grassland that the federal government owned where ranchers could graze their cattle free of charge.

Answer 8

open range

Question 9

_ _ staked a claim near Virginia City, Nevada, that turned out to be nearly pure silver ore worth millions!

Answer 9

Henry Comstock

Question 10

News of the _ _ brought a flood of prospectors to Virginia City, which led to Nevada being admitted as the 36th state.

Answer 10

Comstock Lode

Question 11

What do you call people who come to an area hoping to find minerals in the ground that will make them rich? _

Answer 11

Prospectors

Question 12

Marshall Wyatt Earp and his brothers became famous lawmen in the town of _, _. They gained their reputation at the famous gunfight at the O.K. Corral.

Answer 12

Tombstone, Arizona

Question 13

Mining led to the building of railroads to connect the mines to the _ back east

Answer 13

factories

Question 14

The _ _, legislation passed in 1862, provided attractive incentive for settlers to move to the Great Plains and start a new life there.

Answer 14

Homestead Act

Question 15

A common title given to those who accepted the challenge of living on and cultivating the soils of the Great Plains was that of “_”

Answer 15

“sodbusters”

Question 16

The _ _ is a vast region of prairie between the Mississippi River and the Rock Mountains.

Answer 16

Great Plains

Question 17

The scarcity of _ and _ made many beleive the Great Plains were uninhabitable.

Answer 17

wood and water

Question 18

During the late 1800s, the construction of _ stimulated growth in the Great Plains.

Answer 18

railroads

Question 19

A new farming method called _ _ consisted of planting seeds deep enough in the ground where there was mositure for them to grow.

Answer 19

dry farming

Question 20

New machinery and farming technology allowed the “_ _” to develop, beginning at the eastern edge of the Great Plains.

Answer 20

Wheat Belt

Question 21

A _ _ is a large, highly profitable wheat farm.

Answer 21

bonanza farm

Question 22

The government opened a large portion of Oklahoma for settlement which resulted in the “_ _ _” of 1889.

Answer 22

Oklahoma Land Rush

Question 23

What did the Oklahoma Land Rush result in?

Answer 23

The closing of the American frontier

Question 24

The main goal of the US government by implementing the Dawes Act into Native American society was to encourage Native Americans to _ into mainstream American society.

Answer 24

assimilate

Question 25

The Sioux from Minnesota who left the reservation when federal troops arrived became exiles in the _ _.

Answer 25

Dakota Territory

Question 26

An _ is a plot of land assigned to an individual or a family for a specified use

Answer 26

allotment

Question 27

Many of the Native Americans in the West were nomads , or people who continually moves from place to place in search of food like the _

Answer 27

buffalo

Question 28

The _ _ , divided reservation land into allotments for farming or ranching. Under the act, 160 acres were allotted to each head of household. The goal of this act was to assimilate the Native Americans in American culture.

Answer 28

Dawes Act

Question 29

To _ is to absorb a group into the culture of another population

Answer 29

assimilate

Question 30

Custer and all of his men were killed by the Lakota Sioux at the Battle of _ _.

Answer 30

Little Bighorn

Question 31

When a group of Lakota Sioux Ghost Dancers left their reservation, and the army went after them. On December 29, 1890, a deadly battle took place. Twenty-five U.S. soldiers and approximately, or about, 200 Lakota men, women, and children were killed. This became known as the _ _ _ _.

Answer 31

Tragedy at Wounded Knee

Question 32

The _ _ passed in 1924 gave all Native Americans citizenship.

Answer 32

Citizenship Act

Question 33

At the _ _ _, a few soldiers died, but the number of Native Americans reported killed was anywhere from 69 to 600. Some said the troops brutally murdered hundreds of women and children.

Answer 33

Sand Creek Massacre

Question 34

In 1867 Congress formed an _ _ _ which suggested creating two large reservations on the Plains. One reservation would be for the Sioux. Another would be for Native Americans of the southern Plains. Federal agents would run the reservations.

Answer 34

Indian Peace Commission

Question 35

The Dakota Sioux in Minnesota had agreed to live on a reservation in exchange for payments that often never never reached them. This money that is supposed to be part of a contract paid at regular intervals are known as _.

Answer 35

annuities

Question 36

In 1876 prospectors took over the Lakota Sioux reservation in the Dakota Territory to mine gold in the Black Hills. Many Lakota left the reservation to hunt near the Bighorn Mountains in southeastern Montana. They did not think they should have to follow a treaty that the settlers were not following. The government sent an expedition accompanied by Lieutenant Colonel _ _. _ and the Seventh Cavalry to the area.

Answer 36

George A. Custer

Question 37

Fetterman’s Massacre marked the start of “_ _ _.”

Answer 37

"Red Cloud's War"

Question 38

group of ordinary citizens who organize to find criminals and bring them to justice

Answer 38

Vigilance Committee

Question 39

method of mining by which water is sprayed at a very high pressure against a hill or mountain, washing away large quantities of dirt, gravel, and rock and exposing the minerals beneath the surface

Answer 39

Hydraulic mining

Question 40

vast areas of grassland owned by the federal government

Answer 40

open range

Question 41

What is a hacienda?

Answer 41

a huge ranch

Question 42

What are barrios?

Answer 42

Spanish-speaking neighborhoods in a town or city

Question 43

to remove by force

Answer 43

extract

Question 44

to change in order to meet the demands of a certain environment or circumstance

Answer 44

adapt

Question 45

before or previous

Answer 45

prior

Question 46

What is a homestead?

Answer 46

a piece of U.S. public land acquired by living on it and cultivating it

Question 47

a way of farming dry land in which seeds are planted deep in the ground where there is some moisture

Answer 47

dry farming

Question 48

a name given to Great Plains farmers

Answer 48

sodbuster

Question 49

What is a bonanza farm

Answer 49

a large, highly profitable wheat farm

Question 50

to be likely to, or have intentions to, perform an act

Answer 50

prospective

Question 51

a new idea or method

Answer 51

innovation

Question 52

What is a nomad?

Answer 52

a person who continually moves from place to place, usually in search of food

Question 53

money paid by contract at regular intervals

Answer 53

annuity

Question 54

to move to a new place

Answer 54

relocate

Question 55

to guarantee or make certain

Answer 55

ensure

Question 56

an estimate of a figure that is close to the actual figure

Answer 56

approximately