Chapter 11

Question 0

Viewing an abstract, immaterial concept as if it were a concrete thing

Answer 0

Reification

Question 1

Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

Answer 1

Intelligence

Question 2

Statistical procedure that identifies cluster of related items on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie ones total score

Answer 2

Factor Analysis

Question 3

Helped develop factor analysis, believed there is also a general intelligence, or a “g” factor that underlies the various clusters

Answer 3

Charles Spearman

Question 4

General intelligence factor that according to spearman and others underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test

Answer 4

General intelligence

Question 5

Rejected “g” factor. Didn’t rank his objects on single scale of general aptitude. Argued that factor analysis revealed 7 independent mental abilities

Answer 5

L. L. Thurstone

Question 6

Stated that people have specific intellectual potentials, each involving a set of problem solving skills

Answer 6

Howard Gardner

Question 7

A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill
Ex) computation and drawing

Answer 7

Savant Syndrome

Question 8

Triarchic theory distinguishes three intelligences: analytical intelligence, creative intelligence, practical intelligence

Answer 8

Robert Sternberg

Question 9

Ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions

Answer 9

Emotional Intelligencd

Question 10

Ability to produce novel and valuable ideas

Answer 10

Creativity

Question 11

Method for assessing individuals mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores

Answer 11

Intelligence Tests

Question 12

Started the modern intelligence testing movement by developing questions that helped predict children’s future progress

Answer 12

Alfred Binet

Question 13

Devised by Binet. Chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance

Answer 13

Mental Age

Question 14

Stanford professor, revised IQ test by establishing new age norms and extending the upper end of the tests range from teenagers to “superior adults.” Supported nature side of debate

Answer 14

Lewis Terman

Question 15

Widely used American revision of Binet’s original intelligence test

Answer 15

Stanford-Binet

Question 16

Ration mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100. Average score is 100

Answer 16

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

Question 17

Test designed to predict a persons future performance, aptitude is the capacity to learn

Answer 17

Aptitude Tests

Question 18

Test designed to assess what a person has learned

Answer 18

Achievement Tests

Question 19

Most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance subtests

Answer 19

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

Question 20

Defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested standardization group

Answer 20

Standardization

Question 21

Intelligence test performance has been improving

Answer 21

The Flynn Effect

Question 22

Symmetrical bell shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes

Answer 22

Normal Curve

Question 23

The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on 2 halves of the test, on alternative forms of the test, or on testing

Answer 23

Reliability

Question 24

Extent to which a test measures or predicts that it is supposed to

Answer 24

Validity

Question 25

Extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest

Answer 25

Content Validity

Question 26

The behavior that a test is designed to predict; thus the measure used in defining whether the test has predictive validity

Answer 26

Criterion

Question 27

Success with which a test predicts robe behavior it is designed to predict; assesses by computing the correlation between test scores and criterion behavior

Answer 27

Predictive Validity

Question 28

Condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to demands of life; mild to profound

Answer 28

Mental Retardation

Question 29

Condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in one’s genetic makeup

Answer 29

Down Syndrome

Question 30

Self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype

Answer 30

Stereotype Threat