Chapter 11

Question 0

What is the most common sign of physical abuse (Children)?

Answer 0

Bruises, in particular, are most common sign of physical abuse.

Question 1

The most common cause of child deaths is:

Answer 1

Physical abuse by their own parents

Question 2

Mcquire and associates found that bruises indicative of a physical abuse were not located on bony prominences, such as knees and elbows, but rather on a head, chest, abdomen, and hands. Bruises among physically abused children were more likely to be:

Answer 2

1) clustered
2) greater in size
3) observable during all seasons as opposed to warm months
4) documented among children less than 3 years of age

Question 3

Intentional injuries tend to occur most frequently on: (7)

Answer 3

1) face
2) back
3) ribs
4) buttocks
5) genitals
6) palms
7) soles of feet

Question 4

Child burn victims are almost always under the age of 10, with the majority under the age of:

Answer 4

2 years old

Question 5

These are the most common type of burn injury to a child:

Answer 5

Scald Burns

Question 6

Most deliberate burns are scald burns caused by:

Answer 6

Immersion in hot tap water

Question 7

In a deliberate immersion burn, the depth of the burn is:

Answer 7

Uniform

Question 8

Only children with deliberate immersion burns sustain deep burns of the: (2)

Answer 8

1) Buttock

2) the area between the anus and genitals

Question 9

Several key variables must be observed in investigating immersion burns: (4)

Answer 9

1) the temperature of the water
2) the time of the exposure
3) the depth of the burn
4) the occurrence of “sparing”

Question 10

Deliberate immersion burns can often be recognized by one of the following characteristic patterns: (4)

Answer 10

1) doughnut pattern in the buttock
2) sparing the soles of the feet
3) stocking-or glove-pattern burns
4) water lines

Question 11

Child Abuse:

What are the most frequent types of contact burns: (2)

Answer 11

1) Cigarette

2) Electric Steam Irons

Question 12

Characteristics of SIDS Victim’s Appearance: (5)

Answer 12

1) usually in a normal state of nutrition and hydration
2) blood-tinged, frothy fluids around the mouth and nostrils, indicative of pulmonary edema
3) vomitus on face
4) diaper wet and full of stool
5) bruiselike marks on head or body loads (postmortem pooling of settling of blood in dependent body parts)

Question 13

Child molesters–two (2) categories:

Answer 13

1) situational

2) preferential

Question 14

This molester does not have a true sexual preference for children but engages in sex with children for varied and sometimes complex reasons.

Answer 14

Situational child molester

Question 15

Members of lower socioeconomic groups tend to be overpresented among situational child molesters. Within this category, the following four major patterns of behavior emerge:

Answer 15

1) regressed
2) morally indiscriminate
3) sexually indiscriminate
4) inadequate

Question 16

Preferential child molester–three major patterns of behavior:

Answer 16

1) seduction
2) introverted
3) sadistic

Question 17

What are some of the reasons for the problems that arise when children are called to participate in criminal proceedings? (3)

Answer 17

1) the children’s immaturity
2) involves unique attributes of the offense of child sexual abuse, particularly when the perpetrator is a parent, parent substitute, or other adult having a trusting or loving relationship with the child.
3) our limited understanding of children’s capabilities as witnesses.

Question 18

Three developmental issues are important when allegations of sexual abuse arise:

Answer 18

1) the child’s development level relative to other children in his or her group
2) the child’s development level with regard to sexuality
3) the child’s ability to respond adequately to interviews and to testify in court

Question 19

One of the most common methods of interviewing children about sexual abuse involves the use of:

Answer 19

Anatomically detail dolls

Question 20

In one study comparing sexually abused children to nonabused children, a number of factors emerged to distinguish the two groups. The sexually abused children were significantly more likely to demonstrate:

Answer 20

1) Poor self-esteem
2) Aggressive behaviors
3) Fearfulness
4) Concentration problems
5) Withdrawal
6) Acting out
7) Need to please others

Question 21

The results of a nationwide survey of professionals experienced in evaluating suspected child sexual abuse revealed high levels of agreement concerning the following factors: (10)

Answer 21

1) possesses age-inappropriate sexual knowledge
2) engages in sexualized play
3) displays precocious behavior
4) engages in excessive masturbation
5) preoccupied in his or her genitals
6) indications that pressure or coercion was exerted on child
7) story remains consistent over time
8) child’s report indicates an escalating progression of sexual abuse over time
9) describes idiosyncratic details of the abuse
10) physical evidence of abuse

Question 22

On the average, __________ of every 1,000 infants are born alive succumb to SIDS, and it is the leading cause of death among infants
1 week to 1 year of age.

Answer 22

2

Question 23

Most SIDS deaths occur between these months:

Answer 23

November and March

Question 24

The risk of SIDS appears to be highest in: (6)

Answer 24

1) crowded dwellings 2) in infants of young mothers 3) in males 4) in non-whites regardless of socioeconomic status 5) in families of lower socioeconomic status regardless of race 6) in premature infants 7) twins

Question 25

SIDS: Most victims are between the ages of 1 to 6 months, with the highest frequency of occurrence between what ages?

Answer 25

2 and 4 months

Question 26

Characteristics of SIDS Victims' Appearance: (5)

Answer 26

1) usually normal state of nutrition and hydration 2) blood-tinged, frothy fluids around mouth and nostrils, indicative of pulmonary edema 3) vomitus on face 4) diaper wet and full of stool 5) bruiselike marks on head or body fluids (postmortem pooling of settling of blood in dependent body parts)

Question 27

Only about 16% of child fatalities attributed to strangers. These children tend to be between the ages of:

Answer 27

6 and 11

Question 28

This injury occurs inside the skull on the opposite side of the area of impact. In these cases, a moving head is abruptly stopped and inertia keeps,the brain moving within the skull.

Answer 28

A "contrecoup" NOTE: Most child deaths are not the result of the use of a traditional weapon ( such as a firearm or knife). Most are the result of blunt-force trauma.

Question 29

Those who inflict Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) on children are often caretakers who shook the child violently in response to some kind of trigger. Often, that trigger is:

Answer 29

Incessant crying NOTE: Often, there may be hours or even days between the SBS incident and the physical manifestation of symptoms.

Question 30

Probably the most common missed method of homicide in infants and young children is:

Answer 30

Smothering

Question 31

This is, AFTER IMPULSE HOMICIDES, the second most common type of homicide in infants.

Answer 31

Smothering

Question 32

In 1998, Congress enacted the Protection of Children from Sexual Predators Act, which established three new criminal offense areas:

Answer 32

1) use of interstate facilities to transmit information about a minor 2) transfer of obscene materials to or from minors 3) definition of sexual activity to include the production of child pornography

Question 33

This is defined as "aggressive behavior or intentional harm by an individual or group repeated over time that involves an imbalance of power".

Answer 33

Bullying NOTE: Studies show that male victims of bullying are more than five times more likely to be moderately to severely depressed and four times more likely to be suicidal, where as bullied girls are more than three times more likely to be moderately to severely depressed and eight times more likely to be suicidal.

Question 34

Abductions for toddlers occur primarily for emotion-based reasons. These cases typically lack planning, are impulsive, and frequently involve:

Answer 34

The mother's boyfriend or ex-boyfriend as the perpetrator

Question 35

The risk of sexually motivated abductions decrease as children become:

Answer 35

of high school age NOTE: In this case, emotion and profit-based crimes are more prevalent.

Question 36

Profit-based child abductions frequently pertain to:

Answer 36

Drugs NOTE: Victims tend to be male, and offenders are generally strangers and acquaintances.

Question 37

The best tool to protect children from Internet Crime is:

Answer 37

Parental education and involvement

Question 38

CRIME IN SCHOOLS Threat Assessment rests on two critical principles:

Answer 38

1) that all threats and all threateners are not equal, and 2) that most threateners are unlikely to carry out there threats (however, all threats must be taken seriously and investigated)

Question 39

FACTORS IN SCHOOL THREAT ASSESSMENT: Specific, plausible details are a critical factor in evaluating a threat. Details can include: (5)

Answer 39

1) the identity of the victim or victims 2) the reason for making the threat 3) the means, weapon and method by which it is to be carried out 4) the date, time, and place the act will be carried out 5) concrete information about plans or preparations that have already been made.

Question 40

When investigating threats of violence in schools, it is important to listen carefully to,witnesses in order to correctly identify the level of the threat and subsequently take appropriate action. Key questions include: (5)

Answer 40

1) Who made the threat? 2) To whom was the threat made? 3) Under what circumstances was the threat made? 4) Exactly what words were said? 5) How often were threats made?

Question 41

It's suggested that the best approach for patrol officers responding to a critical and violent incident at a school, especially one involving potential hostages, is:

Answer 41

To take action only when appropriate, and that their primary mission is to control and contain the scene.