Chapter 11

Question 1

what views personality with a focus on the unconscious and the importance of childhood experiences

Answer 1

psychodynamic theories

Question 2

who did those theories come from

Answer 2

Sigmund Freud

Question 3

what is psychoanalysis

Answer 3

freuds theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts: the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions

Question 4

what is an individual’s characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting

Answer 4

personality

Question 5

know what the unconscious is

Answer 5

Ok

Question 6

Freud believed the unconscious seeped into peoples daily things like what?

Answer 6

wok, beliefs, daily habits

Question 7

what is it when in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how unimportant or embarrassing

Answer 7

free association

Question 8

Freud believed that personality developed from three conflicting systems.. what were they?

Answer 8

id, ego, superego

Question 9

what is the ID

Answer 9

unconscious energy that reacts on the pleasure principle

Question 10

what is the ego

Answer 10

conscious executive of personality that reacts on the reality principle… balances the superego and Id

Question 11

what is the superego

Answer 11

part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgement and for future goals

Question 12

what is the childhood stages of development during with the id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones?

Answer 12

psychosexual stages

Question 13

what are distinct pleasure sensitive areas of the body

Answer 13

erogenous zones

Question 14

list the psychosexual stages in order

Answer 14

oral( sucking, biting, chewing)0-18 months, anal stage (bowel or bladder elimination) 18-36 months, phallic (pleasure zone in the genitals) 3-6 years, Latency (dormant sexual feelings) 6-puberty, genital (maturation of sexual interests)puberty on ward

Question 15

what is the Oedipus complex

Answer 15

boy has sexual feelings for mom and develops jealousy to the rival father (Electra complex for girls)

Question 16

what is the process by which acc to Freud children incorporate their parents values into their developing superegos

Answer 16

identification

Question 17

our sense of being male or female is known as what

Answer 17

gender identity

Question 18

what is acc to Freud a lingering focus of pleasures seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual, in which conflicts were unresolved

Answer 18

fixation

Question 19

in psychoanalysis, what is the egos protective methods of reducing anxiety

Answer 19

defense mechanisms

Question 20

what is the main form of defense mechanisms?

Answer 20

repression

Question 21

what is repression?

Answer 21

Banishes from consciousness the thoughts, feelings, and memories that arouse anxiety

Question 22

know and rehearse the other six defense mechanisms

Answer 22

ok

Question 23

who are several hound ambitious followers of Sigmund Freud who formed an inner circle around him

Answer 23

neo-Freudians

Question 24

list three Neo- Freudians

Answer 24

Alfred Adler, Karen Horney, Carl Jung

Question 25

in what points did Neo- Freudians differ with Freud

Answer 25

more emphasis on conscious plus and they didn't believe all of the sex and aggression as ALL consuming motivations

Question 26

personality tests such as the ink blot,that provides an unclear image designed to trigger projection of the tests unconscious thoughts or feelings

Answer 26

projective tests

Question 27

the Rorschach ink blot test has low what

Answer 27

validity and reliability

Question 28

where does psychology's strength come from

Answer 28

using same scientific methods as biologists chemists and physicians

Question 29

modern researches now challenge the idea of repression why?

Answer 29

it's near impossible to repress bad memories

Question 30

the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors

Answer 30

false consensus effect

Question 31

humanistic psychology aims to do what

Answer 31

focus on the way healthy people strive for self determination and self actualization

Question 32

who proposed a hierarchy of needs

Answer 32

Abe Maslow

Question 33

I know hierarchy of needs, self actualization and self transcendence

Answer 33

ok

Question 34

Carl Rogers said we nurture growth in what three ways

Answer 34

being genuine being accepting being empathetic

Question 35

being accepting has unconditional positive regard...what is that

Answer 35

acc to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person

Question 36

all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves in answer to the question... (who am I)

Answer 36

self concept

Question 37

what do critics say about humanistic psychology

Answer 37

it's based in personal opinion rather than scientific evidence...... and are vague plus humanistic psych fails to appreciate our human capacity for evil

Question 38

what is a characteristic pattern of behavior or a tendency to feel and act in a certain way as assessed by self reports on personality test

Answer 38

trait

Question 39

Gordon Allport has been less concerned with_____ traits rather than with _____them

Answer 39

explaining | describing

Question 40

what is a cluster of behavior tendencies that occur together

Answer 40

factor

Question 41

what two variations in personality did the Eyesynk brothers believe in

Answer 41

emotional stability-instability and extroversion- introversion

Question 42

know what the MMPI

Answer 42

I'm not writing that whole definition

Question 43

personality inventories do what?

Answer 43

used to assess selected personality traits

Question 44

what is CONOE

Answer 44

``` Conscientiousness Agreeableness Neuroticism Openness Extraversion ```

Question 45

how stable are those traits

Answer 45

it changes

Question 46

have these traits changed over time

Answer 46

yes Thru culture

Question 47

do we inherit these traits

Answer 47

50% though genes

Question 48

do these traits reflect differing Brain structure or function

Answer 48

doesn't correlate

Question 49

how well do these traits apply to various cultures

Answer 49

pretty good

Question 50

do the Big Five traits predict our actual behavior

Answer 50

yes

Question 51

traits have to ____over time and ____ situations to be useful indicators of personality

Answer 51

persist across

Question 52

as we grow older, our personality ______

Answer 52

stabilize

Question 53

where are the places that personality can lurk

Answer 53

music preferences bedrooms and offices electronic communications social networking sites

Question 54

what is the interacting influences of behavior, internal personal factors and environment

Answer 54

reciprocal determination

Question 55

views behavior as influenced by the interaction between persons (and their thinking) and their social context

Answer 55

social cognitive preferences

Question 56

our sense of competence and effectiveness

Answer 56

self efficacy

Question 57

our genetically influences traits evoke certain responses from others which may nudge us in one direction

Answer 57

heredity environment interaction

Question 58

a person's _____behavior predicts the _____ of ____situations

Answer 58

past outcome similar

Question 59

what do social cognitive theories build from

Answer 59

psychological research on learning and cognition

Question 60

what is self

Answer 60

our image and understanding of who we are...center of personality that organizes thoughts feelings and actions

Question 61

the overestimating of others noticing and evaluating our appearance, performance and blunders is what?

Answer 61

spotlight effect

Question 62

our feelings of High or low self worth

Answer 62

self esteem

Question 63

MOST people see themselves with ______ self esteem

Answer 63

high