Chapter 5 Vocab Flashcards
(45 cards)
the process by which our brain organizes and interprets sensory info., transforming it into meaningful objects and events
perception
analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brains integration of sensory information
bottom up processing
info processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations
top- down processing
changing one form of energy into another
transduction
the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time
absolute threshold
below our absolute threshold for conscious awareness
subliminal
activating, often unconsciously, associations in our mind, thus setting us up to perceive, remember, or respond to objects or events in certain ways
priming
the minimum DIFFERENCE between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time
difference threshold
The principle that: To Be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage
weber’s Law
reduced sensitivity in response to constant stimulation
sensory adaption
a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another
perpetual set
the distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to the peak of the next
wavelength
the dimensions of color that is determined by the wavelength of light: what we know as the color names blue green and so forth
hue
the amount of energy in a light wave or sound wave, which influences what we perceive as brightness or loudness. Intensity is determined by wave’s amplitude (height)
intensity
the light-sensitive inner surface of the eye: what does it do
retina: it contains the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual info
retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; and why r they necessary
Rods: they are necessary for peripheral and twilight vision when cones don’t respond
retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center or the retina ; what do they do
in day light or well lit conditions, cones detect fine detail and give rise to color sensation
the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain
optic nerve
the process by which our sensory receptor and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment
sensation
The point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye; this part of the retina is blind because it has no receptor cells
blind spot
nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features of a stimulus, such as edges, lines, and angles
feature detectors
the processing of many aspects of a problem or scene at the same time; the brains natural mode of information processing for many functions, including vision
parallel processing
the organization of the visual field into objects that stand out from their surroundings
figure ground
the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into meaningful groups
grouping
