chapter 11

Question 1

surface water

Answer 1

fresh water on Earths land surface. Found in lakes, rivers, streams, and wetlands

Question 2

river system

Answer 2

a flowing network that is formed by streams and rivers move across the land

Question 3

watershed

Answer 3

the area of land that is drained by a river

Question 4

groundwater

Answer 4

water that is found benath Earths surface in the spaces in sediment and rock formations

Question 5

aquifier

Answer 5

an underground formation that contains groundwater

Question 6

porosity

Answer 6

the percenage of the total volume of a rock that has spaces (pores)

Question 7

permeability

Answer 7

the ability of rock or soil to allow water to flow through it

Question 8

recharge zones

Answer 8

an area of Earths surface from which water percolates down into a an aquifer

Question 9

potable

Answer 9

safe to drink

Question 10

pathogens

Answer 10

organisms that cause illness or disease

Question 11

dams

Answer 11

built across rivers to control the flow

Question 12

reservoir

Answer 12

(artificial lake) formed behind a dam in rivers

Question 13

desalination

Answer 13

the process of mvoing salt from salt water

Question 14

water pollution

Answer 14

intorduction of chemical, physical, or biollogical agents into water that degrade water quality and harm the organisms that depend on water

Question 15

point source pollution

Answer 15

pollutuion discharged from a single source

Question 16

nonpoint source pollution

Answer 16

runoff polluton, often from many difficult sources that are difficult to identify

Question 17

waste water

Answer 17

water that contains waste from homes or industry

Question 18

artificial eutrophication

Answer 18

eutrophication is accelerated when inorganic plant nutrients, suchas phosphorus and nitrogen, enter the water from sewage and fertilizer runoff.

Question 19

thermal pollution

Answer 19

occur when power plants andother industries use water in their cooling systems and then discharge thewarm water into a lake or river.