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Pest Managemenet > Chapter 11: Conventional Insecticides > Flashcards

Chapter 11: Conventional Insecticides Flashcards

1
Q

most widely used chemical for quality of human life

A

conventional insecticides

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2
Q

is retail sale of pesticides > or < 14 billion

A

Over (>)

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3
Q

what is a insecticide

A

killer of insect

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4
Q

what does cida mean in latin (suffex)

A

killer

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5
Q

What is a herbicide

A

weed killer

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6
Q

what is a acaricide

A

mite & tick killers

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7
Q

what is a fungicide

A

fungus killer

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8
Q

What is a nematide

A

nematode killer

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9
Q

what is insecticide nomenaclature

A

formal process of naming insecticides

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10
Q

what are used to make insecticide names

A

approved common name, trade name (for patent), chemical name

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11
Q

How are common names approved

A

Organization for standardization

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12
Q

What is a trade name

A

brand or approved propietary name

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13
Q

what information do chemical names provide

A

structure and formula

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14
Q

Full name of insecticide with the names 1. carbaryl 2. Sevin 3. 1-naphthalenyl
methylcarbamate

A

carbaryl sevin 1-naphthalenyl
methylcarbamate

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15
Q

How do the names order within the full name for insecticides, common name, trade name, and chemical name

A

common name, trade name, chemical name

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16
Q

what do chemical formulas do

A

represent composition, describe components of 1 molecule, aids in characterization, uses molecular and structural formulas

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17
Q

mode of action

A

way in which insecticides are hurting insects

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18
Q

stomach poisions

A

enter insect body through gut, fatal after ingestion

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19
Q

contact poision

A

enter body when insect walks over treated surfacef

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20
Q

fumigants

A

insecticides become gasses above 5c

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21
Q

inorganic (insecticide)

A

no carbon

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22
Q

organic insecticide

A

contains carbon atoms

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23
Q

groups insecticides are divided into

A

synthetic & natural

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24
Q

how are Natural insecticides produced

A

retaining natural substances

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25
Q

what are inside botanical insecticide made of

A

made from plants

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26
Q

what are minaral oil mae of

A

refined petroleum

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27
Q

How are insecticides grouped

A

by chemical makeup. 4 major groups (organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids)

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28
Q

what are quickly becoming illegal

A

insecticides

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29
Q

Pyrethroids

A

toxic to insects and small dogs

30
Q

what generations of Pyrethroids are used

A

3 & 4

31
Q

what are 3rd gen pyrethroids used for

A

cotton, corn, soybeans

32
Q

what is more potent, 3rd or 4th gen pyrethroids

A

4th

33
Q

What is carbamates toxic to

A

hymemoptera, polliatiors & parasitoids

34
Q

what are organophosphates toxic to

A

potato beetle

35
Q

what is organophosphates basically

A

nicotine substitute

36
Q

most toxic kind of insecticides

A

phosphoric acids

37
Q

examples of Aliphatic derivatives

A

Tepp & Malathion

38
Q

what are Phenyl derivatives toxic to

A

toxic to humans

39
Q

Heterocyclic derivatives used on

A

food for human consumption (limited use)

39
Q

Types of phenyl derivatives

A

parathion, methyl parathion

40
Q

type of heterocyclic derivatives

A

diazinon

41
Q

what are neonicotinoids toxic to

A

piercing-sucking insects; aphids, leafhoppers, whiteflies, termites, turf insects, soil insects

42
Q

what does neonicotionoids similar to

A

nicotine

43
Q

phenylpyrazoles

A

blocker f GABA-regulated chloride channel

44
Q

pyrroles

A

contact and stomach

45
Q

pyridazinones

A

rapid knockdown residual properties

46
Q

pyiridine azomethines

A

only pymetrozine

47
Q

oxadiazines

A

only indocrb, sodium channel blocker

48
Q

Insect growth regulators

A

3rd gen insecticides/ biorationals

49
Q

what do insect growth regulators do

A

cause death or sterility & disrupts growth process

50
Q

repellants

A

chemical that causes insect to orient movement away from source

51
Q

chlorinated hydrocarbons

A

synthetic organic insecticide

52
Q

DDT

A

banned. humans had residue within bodies.

53
Q

HCH & Linane

A

prevously BHC. kills more insects than DDT

54
Q

Cyclodienes

A

More toxic than DDT and harder to apply

55
Q

Botanicals

A

derived from plants/ plant products. used longer than any other type of insecticide but not any safer than synthetic

56
Q

why are botanicals impractical

A

expensive to extract from plants

57
Q

synergists

A

increase toxicity of insecticide directly

58
Q

adjuvants

A

axuiliralies, serve to carry the insecticide or are added to improve adhesion, mixing, suface tension, or smell

59
Q

Insecticide formulation

A

mix activie and inert ingredients, some need to be diluted in water or oil

60
Q

Inscticide toxicitiy

A

inherent poisionous potency under a given unit of laboratory conditions

61
Q

mode of action

A
62
Q

Types of liquid formulations

A

emulsifiable concentrates, ultra low volume concentrate, flowable, aerosols, liquified gas, dry formulaitons

63
Q

tyepes of dry formulations

A

dusts, granules, wettable powders, soluble powders, dry flowables, water soluable packets, poisionus baits, slow release formuations

64
Q

Insect modes of action

A

nerve
metabolic
alkylating
muscle
physical

65
Q

what do nerve poisions do

A

affect insec nervous system

66
Q

what do metabolic poisions do

A

disrupt wide range of metabolic processes within mitochondria of the cell

67
Q

alkylating poisions

A

replace hydrogen in biologically significant compoints

68
Q

muscle poisions

A

direct influence on muscle tissue

69
Q

physical toxicants

A

block metabolic process by phycical means, usually due to oil

70
Q

how do insecticides harm humans

A

acute poisioning, illness, death, chroinc poisioning,

71
Q

how are people trying to solve toxicity to humans in insecticides

A

banned.,

Pest Managemenet (13 decks)

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