Chapter 11: Immunity Flashcards
(71 cards)
1
Q
List the cellular parts of the Red Blood Cells?
4 Marks
A
- Red blood Cells
- White Blood Cells
- Platelet
- Plasma
2
Q
Blood is a __________.
A
Mixture
3
Q
4-5 billion blood cells are made every hour in the _______ ______________.
A
Bone Marrow
4
Q
Plasma is composed of - - - -
A
- Mostly Water
- Proteins
- Sugars (glucose)
- Salt
5
Q
The Red blood cells is about ____ micrometers and it’s shape is….
2 Marks
A
- 8 Micrometers
- It’s shape allows it to fit anywhere
6
Q
Which cell in a drop of blood contains a nucleus and which one doesn’t?
A
- White blood cells contain a nucleus
- Red blood cells don’t have a nucleus
7
Q
A red blood cells lives up to ___ months.
A
4
8
Q
The purpose of the red blood cell?
A
Transfer O2 and CO2
9
Q
What part of the blood is the main part of your immune system?
A
White Blood Cells
10
Q
What is Leukocytes?
A
White Blood Cells
11
Q
What is Erythrocytes?
A
Red Blood Cells
12
Q
What is Thrombocytes?
A
Platelet
13
Q
Plasma, the liquid portion of blood, contains dissolved _______, __________, _______, and _________.
4 Marks
A
gases
nutrients
proteins
waste
14
Q
Formed Elements are the ….
A
Red blood cells
15
Q
How many liters does an adult circulating system have?
A
4-6
16
Q
The red blood cells contain ___________ that binds to oxygen.
A
Hemoglobin
17
Q
Red blood cells contains _________ for blood typing.
A
Antigens
18
Q
The plasma contains ____________ for blood typing.
A
Antibodies
19
Q
The _________ help the blood to clot.
A
Platelets
20
Q
55% of the blood mixture is _________.
A
Plasma
21
Q
45% of the blood mixture is __________.
A
Formed Elements
22
Q
Less than 1% of the blood mixture is a _______ ________.
A
White Blood Cells
Buffy Coat
23
Q
Albumin is a blood protein used for…
A
Osmic pressure, buffering
24
Q
Globulin is a blood protein used for…
A
Antibodies
25
```
2% of the blood is made of...
Say the word that sums up the line
I. Amino Acids, Sugars, Lipids
II. Erythropoietin, Insulin, etc...
III. Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, etc...
3 Marks
```
I. Nutrients
II. Hormones
III. Electrolytes
26
91% of the plasma is _________.
Water
27
7% of the plasma is _______ ________.
Blood Protein
28
If you are dehydrated, your blood mixture would contain more ____________ and less _____________.
2 Marks
Less Plasma
| More White Blood Cells
29
If someone is experiencing an infection than the _______________ becomes bigger in the place of ___________.
2 Marks.
White Blood Cells, Buffy Coat
| Plasma
30
If someone has Anemia, it means they have less ________________________ and more _____________.
2 Marks.
less Red blood Cells
| More Plasma
31
Molecules essential to maintaining a body function are dissolved in...
Water of the Plasma
32
All of the types of blood cells are derived from ______ ______ in the bone marrow.
Stem Cells
33
In the bone marrow, the stem cell becomes the Megakaryocyte cell to _________ in the circulatory system.
Platelets
34
In the bone marrow, the stem cell becomes________ that is in the circulatory system and becomes Neutrophil and Eosinophil activated in tissues (some of them)
Basophil
35
In the bone marrow, the stem cell becomes________ that is in the circulatory system and becomes macrophage activated in tissues (some of them)
Monocyte
36
In the bone marrow, the stem cell becomes________ that is in the circulatory system and becomes Plasma Cell activated in tissues (some of them)
B lymphocyte
37
Each Hemoglobin molecule consists of ____ __________ chains and can bind to ___ molecules of _________.
4 Polypeptides
| 4 molecules of Oxygen
38
95% of formed elements become...
Red Blood Cells
39
Where are leukocytes located?
Everywhere
| - They can move out of the bloodstream to the site of the infection
40
Which White blood cell
- Attacks organisms resistant to neutrophils by engulfing
- 6% of White Blood Cells
- 25 Micrometers (Biggest Cell)
- One leukocyte
Monocyte
41
Which White Blood Cell
- Attacks Parasites
- 3% of White Blood Cells
- 10-15 Micrometers
Eosinophil
42
Which White Blood Cell
- Composed of a thin premier of cytoplasm
- 10 Micrometers (smallest cell)
- Mostly a nucleus
- Involved in a specific immunity by antibodies
Lymphocyte
43
Which Blood Cell
- Multiple Leukocytes
- 15-20 Micrometers medium size
- Destroys infections microorganisms by engulfing
Neutrophil
44
```
If you had a pervious infection, the sequence of body's immunity is
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
5 Marks.
```
A. Bacteria enters through a puncture in the skin
B. Lymphocyte memory B cells identify the antigen protein
C. Lymphocyte memory B cells produce antibodies proteins
D. Antibodies proteins attach to and inactive bacteria
E. Neutrophils Engulf the inactive bacteria by phagocytosis
45
These illness leads to what in the White Blood Cells population?
Tuberculosis and Whooping cough
Elevated Lymphocytes
46
These illness leads to what in the White Blood Cells population?
Tapeworm Infection and Hookworm infection
Elevated Eosinophils
47
These illness leads to what in the White Blood Cells population?
Typhoid Fever, Malaria, Mononucleosis
Elevated Monocytes
48
These illness leads to what in the White Blood Cells population?
AIDS
Too few helper T cells
49
List the 5 steps of Thrombocytes and Blood Clotting
| 5 Marks.
1. Platelets move to the sites of the injury and stick to the smooth lining of vessels
2. Thromboplastin is released by platelets and damaged cells
3. Prothrombin is converted to thrombin in a series of reaction initiated by thromboplastin
4. Fibrinogen is converted to fibrin in the presence of thrombin
5. Fibrin is a threadlike molecule that traps blood cells to form a clot.
50
List the 8 types of blood
```
A positive
A negative
B positive
B negative
AB positive
AB negative
O positive
O negative
```
51
A has _________ present in the plasma and _________ present in the red blood cells.
- Antibodies B
| - A Antigen
52
B has _________ present in the plasma and _______________ present in the red blood cells.
- Antibodies A
| - B Antigen
53
AB has _________ present in the plasma and _______________ present in the red blood cells.
- No Antibodies
| - A and B Antigens
54
O has _________ present in the plasma and _______________ present in the red blood cells.
- A and B Antibodies
| - No Antigens
55
Antigens + Antibodies = ?????
| Same letter
Agglutination
| - Clumping of particles and makes blood a solid. THIS IS BAD!!!!
56
A can give to __________ and receive from _______.
Give to A, AB
| Receive from O, A
57
B can give to __________ and receive from _______.
Give to B, AB
| Receive from O, B
58
AB can give to __________ and receive from _______.
Give to AB ONLY
| Receive from A, B, O, AB (Universal Recipient)
59
O can give to __________ and receive from _______.
Give to AB, A, B (Universal Donor)
| Receive from O ONLY
60
Which AB is the most universal recipient?
AB positive
61
Which O is the universal donor?
O negative
62
You can donate Rh ______ to Rh ________ but you cannot donate Rh ________ to Rh _______.
Rh negative to Rh positive
| NOTTTTTTT Rh positive to Rh negative
63
If a mom that is Rh negative has a baby that is Rh positive, during pregnancy…
The B leukocytes cells produces anti-Rh that enter the fetal Rh positive circulation. The anti-Rh destroys fetal RBC.
64
What is the lymphatic system?
Tissue fluid and protein collecting system.
65
The tissue fluid and proteins return to the blood in the __________________________ and the _____________________.
Right lymphatic duct
Thoracic Duct
66
The two ducts...
Return the lymph fluid to the veins in the neck
67
Returning fluid to the bloodstream is the...
subclavian viens
68
The lymph nodes are...
Filled with immune system cells
69
The thymus is...
The site of maturation of T lymphocytes
70
The spleen is..
What serves as a blood reservoir and contains many lymphocytes
71
List the three lymph capillaries steps to excuses tissue fluid and proteins
3 Marks
1. Intestinal fluid is excuses tissue fluid and protein
2. Lymph capillaries absorb extra tissue fluid and proteins
3. Lymph vessels transport the lymph (liquid)
