Chapter 11 PowerPoint

Question 1

Groups of individuals of the same species and in a given area

Answer 1

Biological populations

Question 2

1. somewhat independent of other groups

2. often isolated by geography

Answer 2

Biological Populations

Question 3

_______ ________ results in the evolution of pesticide resistance in lice.

Answer 3

Natural Selection

Question 4

Initial lice infestation consists of both susceptible and resistant lice.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

After permethrin treatment, most lice are dead, but a few that are _______ to the pesticide survive.

Answer 5

resistant

Question 6

Reinfestation with the offspring of the resistant lice. The population of lice is now more resistant to permethrin.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Changes that occur within a biological population

Answer 7

Microevolution

Question 8

1. easily observed

2. noncontroversial

Answer 8

Microevolution

Question 9

pesticide resistance in crop-eating insects

Answer 9

Microevolution

Question 10

Antibiotic resistance in infectious bacteria

Answer 10

Microevolution

Question 11

Large-scale evolutionary changes that result in the origin of new species

Answer 11

Macroevolution

Question 12

occurs slowly over long periods of time

Answer 12

Macroevolution

Question 13

Controversial among some non-biologists

Answer 13

Macroevolution

Question 14

statement providing the current best explanation of how the universe works

Answer 14

Scientific theory

Question 15

1. supported by many lines of evidence

2. withstands repeated experimental tests

Answer 15

Scientific Theory

Question 16

All species present on Earth today are descendants of a single common ancestor and all species represent the product of millions of years of accumulated evolutionary changes.

Answer 16

Theory of Evolution

Question 17

Modern animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, and other living things are related.

Answer 17

Theory of Evolution

Question 18

Living things, through various processes, have been diverging from a common ancestor since life originated.

Answer 18

Theory of Evolution

Question 19

All life shares a common ancestor.

Answer 19

Theory of common descent

Question 20

Controversial part of the theory of evolution

Answer 20

Theory of common descent

Question 21

1. Linnaean classification
2. Anatomical homology
3. Vestigial traits
4. Developmental homologies
5. Molecular homology
6. Biography
7. Fossil Record

Answer 21

Biological Evidence for common ancestry

Question 22

Organizes biological diversity and implies common ancestry

Answer 22

Linnaean Classification

Question 23

1. Gave each species a two-part (binomial) Latin name
2. Latinized his own name: Carolus Linnaeaus
3. Grouped organisms in a hierarchy (from broadest to narrowest groupings)

Answer 23

Carl Von Linne

Question 24

Similarities in skeletal bone structures

Answer 24

Anatomical homology

Question 25

1. Equivalent bones found in each organism | 2. Similar structures despite different functions (Mammalian forelimbs)

Answer 25

Anatomical homology

Question 26

structural similarities in unrelated species with similar lifestyles

Answer 26

convergent evolution

Question 27

no recent common ancestry

Answer 27

Convergent evolution

Question 28

1. Evolution occurred in parallel in different groups Ex: bird and bat wings and football-shaped bodies in tuna and penguins

Answer 28

Convergent evolution

Question 29

nonfunctional or greatly reduced traits

Answer 29

Vestigial traits

Question 30

Tailbones in great apes and humans | -no tail

Answer 30

Vestigial traits

Question 31

Arrector pilli elevate hair in mammals | -"goose bump" in humans

Answer 31

Vestigial traits

Question 32

Similarities in developmental processes from fertilized egg to adulthood

Answer 32

Developmental homologies

Question 33

similarities in early chordate embryos

Answer 33

Developmental homologies

Question 34

Similarities in DNA sequences

Answer 34

Molecular homologies

Question 35

Closely related species have more similar genes

Answer 35

Molecular homologies

Question 36

Birds in the same genus have more recent common ancestors and more similar DNA sequences.

Answer 36

Molecular homologies | True

Question 37

Distantly classified birds have less similar DNA.

Answer 37

Molecular homologies | True