Chapter 11 - Prokaryotes Flashcards
What are the 4 functions of bacterial cell walls
Shape
Protection from osmotic forces
Attachment
Target of antimicrobial drugs
What are the 4 categories of bacteria
Gram +
Gram -
Mycobacteria
Mycoplasma
Is the layer of peptidoglycan of gram (+) thick or thin
Thick
What color does the cell wall of gram (+) bacteria appear
Purple following Gram stain
Is the layer of peptidoglycan of gram (-) bacteria thick or thin
Thin
What lipopolysaccharide is contained in the membrane of Gram (-) bacteria
Lipid A
What color does a gram (-) bacteria appear
Appears Magenta following Gram stain
What category of bacteria contains a distinctive “fried egg” appearance
Mycoplasma
What category of bacteria contains waxy, mycolic acid
Acid-fast bacteria
Does Mycoplasma have a cell wall
NO
What category of bacteria colonized osmotically protected habitats
No cell wall bacteria (Mycoplasma)
What category of bacteria has a cell wall
Acid fast bacteria (mycobacterium)
What group does staphylococcus belong to and how does it appear
Cocci in clusters
Boils, skin infections
What group of Gram (+) bacteria does streptococcus belong to and how does it appear
Cocci in pairs and chains
Strep throat, dental caries
What group of Gram (+) bacteria do bacillus (anthrax) and clostridium belong
(Endo)spore-forming rods
What group of Gram (-) bacteria does Neisseria belong to and what are examples of it
Aerobic cocci
Gonorrhea; meningitis
What group of Gram (-) negative bacteria do Moraxella and Acinetobacter belong
Aerobic coccobacilli
What group of Gram (-) bacteria do the following belong:
Brucellosis
Bordetella
Francisella
Miscellaneous rods
TQ: what group of gram (-) bacteria does Pseudomonas belong and how do they present
Aerobic rods
Pneumonia, burn infections
What are 3 examples of the group Facultative or anaerobic rods and vibrios in the gram (-) category of bacteria
Proteus (UTIs)
Vibrio (cholera)
Haemophilus (meningitis, pink eye)
What is the the bacteria bacteroid in the anaerobic rods group of gram (-) bacteria
Appendicitis
What conditions are the acid-fast bacteria “mycobacterium” associated with (2)
Tuberculosis
Leprosy
What pathological condition is bacteria with no cell wall “mycoplasma” associated with
Pneumonia
T/F all prokaryotic cells reproduce asexually
True
