Chapter 11: Textbook Readings

Question 1

Humanistic theories

Answer 1

Focus on the potential of the individual to make decisions on matters related to themselves and their environment. Increase self understanding by experiencing feelings

Question 2

Person-centered counselling

Answer 2

View that people are inherently good, and that perception is more important then the event itself.

Question 3

Person-centered strengths

Answer 3

Applicable to a wide variety of issues, numerous settings, diverse groups, positive view of human nature

Question 4

Person-centered limitations

Answer 4

Too simplistic and optimistic, doesn’t help clients in crisis, clients need to be determined and hard working to succeed, limited applicability, ignores most of what is under the surface, may not be permanent

Question 5

Existential counselling

Answer 5

Humans choose what to make of their circumstances, form lives with the choices made, meaning of life is ultimate (universe), common (everyday), and moment. Discover meaning by doing deeds, experience, and suffering

Question 6

Role of counsellor in existential counselling

Answer 6

Demonstrate shared humanness, and shard struggle. Model how to reach individual potential and make decisions

Question 7

Existential goals and techniques

Answer 7

Realize importance of meaning, potential, taking responsibility for lives, and shape rather than observe. Authenticity, honesty, confrontation

Question 8

Existential contributions

Answer 8

Uniqueness, importance of meaningfulness, anxiety isn’t necessarily negative, motivate to make healthy decisions, combines with other methods, effective.

Question 9

Limitations of existential counselling

Answer 9

Not fully developed, lacks training, limited in technique, subjective,

Question 10

Gestalt Therapy

Answer 10

Stress the perception of completeness and wholeness, and how people function in this. Centred in the present, development through exploration, the present is what matters, issue of letting go of past emotions,

Question 11

Gestalt goals

Answer 11

Creat atmosphere to promote exploration, emphasizing the here and now, experience rather than interpretation, accept the polarities present,

Question 12

Gestalt strengths

Answer 12

Incorporate all aspects of life, emphasize action over talking, flexible, and appropriate for many disorders.

Question 13

Limitations of Gestalt

Answer 13

Lacks theoretical base, anti-theoretical experience and technique, deals with the now, ignoring past insights, self-centred