Chapter 11: Urinary System Flashcards
1
Q
function
A
- removes unwanted waste materials + recycles other materials (metabolic wastes, toxins, excess ions, water from the bloodstream leaving the body as urine)
- filters gallons of fluids from the bloodstream every day
2
Q
nephrology
A
the study of kidneys
3
Q
nephrologist
A
person who studies nephrology
4
Q
urinalysis
A
clinical procedure that examines the composition of urine
5
Q
albuminuria
A
albumin present in urine
6
Q
anuria
A
without urination
7
Q
azotemia
A
when kidneys are not working properly
8
Q
bacteriuria
A
urinary tract infection because of bacteria
9
Q
diuresis
A
temporary, excessive discharge of urine
10
Q
dysuria
A
painful urination
11
Q
glycosuria
A
abnormal presence of glucose in urine
12
Q
hematuria
A
blood in urine
13
Q
ketonuria
A
abnormal presence of ketone bodies in the urine
14
Q
nocturia
A
need to urinate frequently at night
15
Q
oliguria
A
reduced urination
16
Q
polyuria
A
urinate too much
17
Q
proteinuria
A
protein in urine
18
Q
pyuria
A
pus in urine
19
Q
acute kidney injury (AKI)
A
failure to produce urine
20
Q
urethrocytstitis
A
infection of the urinary bladder and the urethra
21
Q
cystocele
A
herniation of urinary bladder
22
Q
cystolith
A
stone or calculus in urinary bladder
23
Q
end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)
A
failure of both kidneys to form urine from any cause
24
Q
enuresis
A
involuntary release of urine
25
nocturnal enuresis
bedwetting
26
epispadias
congenital defect resulting in the abnormal positioning of the urinary meatus
27
glomerulonephropathy
any disease of glomeruli
28
glomerulonephritis / nephritis
inflammation of glomeruli
29
hydronephrosis
state of waterlike kidney
30
hypospadias
opposite of epispadias
31
incontinence
inability to hold in urine
32
nephroblastoma
nephroblastoma
33
nephrolithiasis
presence of one or more stones or calculi within a kidney
34
nephroma
tumor of kidney
35
nephromegaly
abnormally large kidney
36
nephropathy
severe condition of the kidney that leads to end-stage kidney disease
37
nephroptosis
floating kidney
38
polycystic kidney disease
kidneys are full of cysts
39
pyelitis
inflammation of renal pelvis
40
pyelonephritis
inflammation of kidneys
41
stricture
narrowing and may cause blockage of urine
42
stenosis / urethrostenosis
narrowing of urethra
43
uremia
excess of urea and other nitrogenous wastes are present in the blood
44
ureteritis
inflammation of ureter
45
ureterocele
herniated retention
46
ureterolithiasis
condition of stonelike ureter
47
urinary retention
kidneys making urine but blocked
48
urinary tract infection (UTI)
infection of urinary organs
49
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
clinical lab test that measure concentration in sample of blood as an indicator of kidney function
50
creatinine
normal component of urine and is a by-product of muscle metabolism
51
cystectomy
surgical removal or the urinary bladder
52
cystography
x-ray procedure producing an image of the urinary bladder with injection of a contrast medium of dye
53
cystourethrography
same as cystography but also include ureters
54
voiding cystourethrogram
x-rays are taken before, during, and after urination to observe bladder function
55
cystolithotomy
procedure in which an incision is made through the urinary bladder wall to remove a stone
56
cystoplasty
surgical repair of the urinary bladder
57
cystorrhaphy
suturing the urinary bladder wall
58
cystoscopy
procedure using a modified endoscope to view the interior of the urinary bladder
59
cystostomy
surgical creation of an artificial opening into the urinary bladder
60
suprapubic cystotomy
incision is made just above the pubic cone and a catheter is inserted through the skin into the urinary bladder
61
fulguration
surgical procedure that destroys living tissue with an electric current
62
dialysis
dissolving through
63
hemodialysis
procedure that pushes a patient's blood thorugh permeable membranes with an instrument
64
lithotripsy
surgical technique that applies concentrated sound waves to pulverize or dissolve stone into smaller pieces that may then pass with urine through the urethra
65
extracorporal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
ultrasonic energy from an instrument outside of the body is directed onto stone that are otherwise too large to pass through the urethra, pulverizing the stone into tiny particles that can pass with urine flow
66
nephrectomy
surgical procedure that removes a kidney
67
nephrography
x-ray technique producing an image of a kidney after injection of a contrast medium or dye
68
nephrolysis
loosen kidney
69
nephropexy
surgical fixation of dropped kidney
70
nephroscopy
direct visualization of kidney
71
nephrosonography
procedure used to create of kidney using ultrasound
72
nephrostomy
73
nephrotomography
recording process of cutting kidney
74
peritoneal dialysis
the use of artificial filtration to cleanse (or filter) fluids from the peritoneal cavity
75
pyelogram
record the renal pelvis
76
pyeloplasty
repair of renal pelvis
77
renal transplant
kidney transplant
78
specific gravity
measure of how concentrated urine is
79
vesicourethral suspension
surgery that is performed to stabilize the position of the urinary baldder
