Chapter 12 Flashcards
(53 cards)
Sustainability
The potential for the long-term well-being of the natural environment
Sustainability includes the assessment and improvement of what 5 things?
- business strategies
- economic sectors
- work practices
- technologies
- lifestyles
Why is Sustainable Development a top concern for businesses?
Because it involves meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
How does the Brundtland Report view sustainable development?
Viewed in terms of environmental, economic, and social well-being for both current and future generations
Who developed the Brundtland Report?
The United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development
What Social Responsibility Domain does Sustainability fall under?
Domain of maximizing positive and minimizing negative impacts on stakeholders
How can a company create long-term favorable stakeholder responses?
By having a corporate culture that includes a sustainability agenda or a corporate social responsibility (CSR) report
Sustainability, Social Responsibility, and ethics ____ be used interchangeably,
Should not
Four reasons social responsibility became such an issue for organizations
1) Socially responsible activities can create competitive advantages
2) Both positive and negative information about products and organizations became more available
3) Organizations can use their products and brand identity to create social value, quality, and consumer loyalty
4) Companies use their sustainable and socially responsible decisions to differentiate their firms and promote their products
Coalition for Environmentally Responsible Economies (CERES)
A union of businesses, consumer groups, environmentalists, and other stakeholders, established a set of goals for environmental performance
Atmospherics is segmented into what three areas?
- Pollution
- Climate change
- Ozone Depletion
Three sources of Air pollution
- Stationary Sources - Factories
- Mobile Sources - cars/planes
- Natural Sources - Dust, Volcanic Eruptions
Fracking
Occurs when water, chemicals, and sand are pumped into a well at high pressure.
This process fractures the rock layers deep in the ground, allowing natural gas to be extracted
The vital aspect of Acid Rain
One country can produce it while another can have the negative impacts
Ex: The US produces the air pollution that causes acid rain in Canada
What global organization addresses acid rain?
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)
Kyoto Protocol
International treaty was meant to curb global greenhouse gas emissions by having countries voluntarily reduce national outputs
Doha Amendment
An extension onto the Kyoto Protocol that focused on ensuring implementation agreements and included an agreement to consider loss and damage in developing countries that are vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change
A Cap-and-trade Program
Sets carbon emissions limits (caps) for businesses, countries, or individuals.
Companies are given a certain amount of carbon they are allowed to emit
Purchasing carbon credits from another company allows what?
Allows a company to legally emit anything beyond the limit
Purchased from another company that doesn’t pollute as much
What percentages of greenhouse emissions do the EU, US, and China account for?
- EU = 11%
- USA = 16%
- China = 29%
What resource is emerging as the most important and contested of the twenty-first century?
Water
More than ___ people lack access to improved or uncontaminated water sources; over ___ people live without basic sanitation
1) 780 million
2) 2.5 billion
What is one of the biggest contributors to illnesses in developing countries?
Water pollution
Land sustainability issues include what?
Include everything from pollution and waste to loss of biodiversity and genetically modified food
