Chapter 12

Question 1

What is the study of electricity that deals with the behavior and motion of electrons in a vacuum or in semiconductors?

Answer 1

Electronics

Question 2

What is the positive electrode of a vacuum tube?

Answer 2

Anode

Question 3

What type of device is the Crookes tube an example of?

Answer 3

Cathode-ray tube

Question 4

What are cathode rays composed of?

Answer 4

Streams of electrons

Question 5

What is the production of an electric current in a vacuum using a heated cathode?

Answer 5

Thermionic emission

Question 6

What type of vacuum tube allows current to flow through it in only one direction and consists of two electrodes?

Answer 6

Diode

Question 7

What is neither a good conductor nor a good insulator?

Answer 7

Semiconductor

Question 8

What is a semiconductor device that acts as a switch and amplifies weak signals?

Answer 8

Transistor

Question 9

What is the separation of charges by light?

Answer 9

Photovoltaic effect

Question 10

What is a single piece of semiconductor that contains an entire electronic circuit?

Answer 10

Integrated circuit

Question 11

What is a device that processes information using electronic circuits?

Answer 11

Computer

Question 12

What are pieces of information in a computer?

Answer 12

Data

Question 13

What is the first general-purpose electronic computer?

Answer 13

ENIAC

Question 14

What was America’s first mass-produced computer?

Answer 14

UNIVAC I

Question 15

What type of information can have only certain values within a range?

Answer 15

Digital data

Question 16

What are computers that operate using digital data?

Answer 16

Digital computers

Question 17

What number system is based on powers of sixteen?

Answer 17

Hexadecimal system

Question 18

What are devices that produce a single binary output based on one or more binary inputs?

Answer 18

Logic gates

Question 19

What is the actual physical component of the computer?

Answer 19

Hardware

Question 20

What is the brain of the computer?

Answer 20

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Question 21

What is the memory that computers use to store information temporarily?

Answer 21

RAM

Question 22

What is used for long-term storage of information?

Answer 22

Mass storage device

Question 23

What is the computer’s system that allows the CPU to communicate with the outside world?

Answer 23

Input/Output (I/O) devices

Question 24

What is the circuit board that connects all of the computer’s components?

Answer 24

Motherboard

Question 25

What is stored information and instructions that direct the computer to perform certain tasks?

Answer 25

Software

Question 26

What is a single piece of software that directs the computer to do a certain task?

Answer 26

Program

Question 27

What includes all the different programs that direct the computer to perform specific tasks?

Answer 27

Application software

Question 28

What is the language form that CPU can understand?

Answer 28

Machine language

Question 29

What language is most software written in?

Answer 29

Programming language

Question 30

What is a system of linked computers that allows information to be shared?

Answer 30

Computer network

Question 31

What is the largest computer network?

Answer 31

Internet

Question 32

What is a system for sending letters and other communication using computer networks?

Answer 32

Electronic mail (E-mail)

Question 33

What is the most common general-purpose computers?

Answer 33

Personal computers

Question 34

What are large computers designed to store and retrieve vast amounts of information?

Answer 34

Mainframes

Question 35

What are the most powerful computers designed for rapidly performing complex calculations?

Answer 35

Supercomputers

Question 36

What is a versatile, computer-directed machine that can be programmed to perform different tasks?

Answer 36

Robot