Chapter 1.2

Question 1

What is the definition of a crime?

Answer 1

a violation of a norm that has been codified into law

Question 2

Crime is define by

The Supreme Court of Canada

Criminal Code of Canada

Statistics Canada

Provincial Government

Answer 2

Criminal Code of Canada

which refers to conduct (an act or omission) that may lead to prosecution and punishment in criminal court

Question 3

failure to report child abuse or stay at scene is called

Answer 3

Omission

Question 4

According to philosophers and legal scholars. Crimes that are universally considered to the public to be bad, evil or harmful in society. Are called

Summary Offence

mala in se

mala prohibita

indictable offence

Answer 4

mala in se

Question 5

What is Mala prohibita?

Answer 5

an act that is considered wrong because it has been labelled as such

Question 6

define a summary offence

Answer 6

crimes that carry a less serious punishment (jail sentence up to 6 months and/or maximum fine of $5000)

Question 7

Homicides is considered as an

hybrid/dual offences

indictable offence

summary offence

Answer 7

indictable offence

Indictable offences: more serious offences with more serious consequences

Question 8

If a prosecution can decide whether to pursue a case as an indictable offence or summary offence this is known as

Answer 8

Hybrid/Dual offence

Question 9

What are the levels of the Police in order?

Answer 9

MUNICIPAL/REGIONAL: Ottawa Police, Peel Police, Toronto Police

PROVINCIAL: OPP

FEDERAL: RCMP

Question 10

What are the levels of court in order?

1. Supreme Court of Canada
2. Provincial court
3. Court of Appeal
4. Superior Court

2, 4, 1, 3

3, 1, 4, 2

2, 3, 4, 1

2, 4, 3, 1

Answer 10

2, 4, 3, 1

Question 11

Which level of police has the most officers employed?

Answer 11

Municipal

Question 12

Which level of police has the least officers employed?

Answer 12

Provincial

Question 13

When do people go to provincial correctional centres?

Answer 13

When arrested

Awaiting a court date

Sentenced under 2 years of incarceration

Awaiting transfer to federal corrections

Question 14

Jails vs Detention Centre vs Correction centres

Answer 14

Nine jails (hold residents) and small vs ppl awaiting court dates; incarceration under 60 days (span several counties) vs incarceration of 2 years or less

Question 15

If someone is convicted of a crime and is sentenced to 5 years in incarceration they would be sent to

Answer 15

Federal correction centre

Question 16

What is discretion?

Answer 16

The use of individual judgement to influence operation of the CJS

Question 17

Who does not have discretion?

Police officers

Prosecutors

Common Citizen

Judges

Probation/parole/correctional officers

Answer 17

Common Citizen

Question 18

What is the purpose of discretion

Answer 18

To improve efficiency and effectivity of the CJS

Question 19

We filter through the

Answer 19

Criminal justice system

Question 20

What factors influence the use of discretion?

Answer 20

race, gender, age, appearance, mental or physical disability

Question 21

What are the goals of the CJS

Answer 21

prevent the crime

protect the public

support victims, families & witness

accountability for crime committed

reintegration of offenders into the community

Question 22

Describe the Crime control model

Answer 22

protecting society is more important than right of individual

ensure public safety by aggressively pursuing wrongdoers

adopt assembly-line justice to ensure efficiency

presume defendants are guilt until proven innocent

punishment should be swift and sever

Question 23

due process model

Answer 23

protect rights of defendants

innocent until proven guilty

don’t rush ensure fairness and justice

reduce wrongful convictions

Question 24

Province with highest rate of wrongful conviction

Answer 24

Manitoba

Question 25

Lowest rate of wrongful convictions

Answer 25

Quebec

Question 26

What is the leading cause of wrongful conviction

Answer 26

Faulty eyewitness testimony. They identify the wrong person of the crime.