Chapter 12

Question 0

A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned.

Answer 0

Instinct

Question 1

Need or desire that energizes and directs behavior. Factor that influence initiation, direction, intensity and persistence of behavior.

Answer 1

Motivation

Question 2

The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tensions state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need

Answer 2

Drive-Reduction Theory

Question 3

Tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, blood glucose

Answer 3

Homeostasis

Question 4

A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior

Answer 4

Incentives

Question 5

Not all behaviors reduce immediate physiological needs or tension states. Arousal theory helps explain the motivation for these behaviors

Answer 5

Optimal Arousal Theory

Question 6

Founder of humanistic perspective

Answer 6

Abraham Maslow

Question 7

Physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness and love needs, esteem needs, self-actualization needs

Answer 7

Hierarchy of needs

Question 8

Form of sugar that circulates in blood and provides major source of energy for body tissues. Low=hunger

Answer 8

Glucose

Question 9

Point where an individuals “weight thermostat” is supposedly set. When body falls below weight, an increase in hunger and lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight

Answer 9

Set point

Question 10

Body’s resting rate of energy expenditure

Answer 10

Basal Metabolic Rate

Question 11

Eating disorder in which a normal weight person diets and becomes significantly underweight, feels fat, continues to starve

Answer 11

Anorexia Nervosa

Question 12

Eating disorder characterized by episodes of overheating followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, excessive exercise

Answer 12

Bulimia Nervosa

Question 13

Four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson- excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution

Answer 13

Sexual Response Cycle

Question 14

Resting period after orgasm, during which man cannot achieve another orgasm

Answer 14

Refractory Period

Question 15

Problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning

Answer 15

Sexual Disorder

Question 16

Sex hormone, secreted in great amounts by females than males

Answer 16

Estrogen

Question 17

Most important of male sex hormones. Males and females have it, stimulates growth of male sex organs in fetus

Answer 17

Testosterone

Question 18

Enduring sexual attraction toward members of either ones own sex or other sex

Answer 18

Sexual Orientation

Question 19

Completely involved, focused state of consciousness, with diminished awareness of self and time, resulting from optimal engagement of ones skills.

Answer 19

Flow

Question 20

The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces

Answer 20

Industrial-organizational pyshchology (I/O)

Question 21

Subfield of I/O that focuses on employee recruitment selection, placement, training, appraisal and development

Answer 21

Personnel Psychology

Question 22

Subfield of I/O, examines organizational influences on worker satisfaction and productivity and facilitates organizational change

Answer 22

Organizational Psychology

Question 23

Interview process that asks the same job relevant questions of all applicants, each of whom is rated on established scales

Answer 23

Structured Interview

Question 24

Desire for significant accomplishment: for mastery of things, people, or ideas; attaining a high standard

Answer 24

Achievement Motivation

Question 25

Goal-oriented leadership that sets standards, organizes work, and focuses attention on goals

Answer 25

Task Leadership

Question 26

Group-oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support

Answer 26

Social Leadership