Chapter 12

Question 0

Vaporization (evaporation, boiling)

Answer 0

Liquid-gas

Question 1

Plasma

Answer 1

A partially ionized gas

Does not obey PV=NRT

Question 2

Melting, fusion

Answer 2

Solid-liquid

Question 3

Sublimation

Answer 3

Solid-gas

Question 4

Deposition, frost

Answer 4

Gas-solid

Question 5

Latent heat

Answer 5

Phase transitions involve breaking bonds-cost energy

Energy is released during reverse transition

Question 6

Vapor pressure

Answer 6

The maximum amount of vapor at a given temp.

Question 7

Bond

Answer 7

Forms a stable connection at room temp.

Any force greater than 10kJ is considered a bond

Question 8

Force

Answer 8

A non binding interation

Question 9

Covalent

Answer 9

Important inside molecules, but doesn’t hold molecules to each other in solids or liquids

Question 10

Ionic

Answer 10

Strong, high melting, no actual molecules

Question 11

Metallic

Answer 11

Strong bonds, but not very directional.

High boiling points but melting points vary

Question 12

Dipole-dipole interaction

Answer 12

Result when two polar molecules approach each other in space. The partially negative is attracted to partially positive

Question 13

London (dispersion) forces

Answer 13

A type of force acting between atoms and molecules.

Strength increases with number of valence electrons and surface area of molecules

Question 14

Hydrogen bonding

Answer 14

When bonded to a small, electronegative atom (N,O,F) the nucleus is relatively exposed in the opposite side. Can bond to a another small electronegative atom

Question 15

POL Cohesion

Answer 15

The liquid sticks to itself

Question 16

POL Adhesion

Answer 16

The liquid sticks to other substances

Question 17

POL Surface tension

Answer 17

Cohesion minimizes the surface area of a drop

Question 18

POL Capillary action

Answer 18

In a small tube, the adhesive force can pull water a substantial height up the tube