Chapter 12

Question 1

When taking the health history, the patient complains of pruritus. What is a common cause of this symptom?

Answer 1

Drug reactions

Question 2

A flat macular hemorrhage is called a(n)

Answer 2

purpura.

Question 3

A student nurse has been assigned to teach fourth graders about hygiene. While preparing, the student nurse adds information about the sweat glands. Which of the following should be included while discussing this topic?

Answer 3

Newborn infants do not sweat and use compensatory mechanisms to control body temperature.

Question 4

Functions of the skin include:

Answer 4

temperature regulation.

Question 5

Risk factors that may lead to skin disease and breakdown include:

Answer 5

a lifetime of environmental trauma.

Question 6

What term refers to a linear skin lesion that runs along a nerve route

Answer 6

Zosteriform

Question 7

The components of a nail examination include:

Answer 7

contour, consistency, and color

Question 8

To determine if a dark-skinned patient is pale, the nurse should assess the color of the:

Answer 8

conjunctivae

Question 9

An example of a primary lesion is a(n):

Answer 9

urticaria.

Question 10

A scooped-out, shallow depression in the skin is called a(n):

Answer 10

erosion.

Question 11

Alopecia

Answer 11

baldness, hair loss

Question 12

Annular

Answer 12

circular shape to skin lesions

Question 13

Bulla

Answer 13

elevated cavity containing free fluid larger than 1 cm in diameter

Question 14

Confluent

Answer 14

skin lesions that run together

Question 15

Crust

Answer 15

thick, dried-out exudate left on skin when vesicles or pustules burst or dry up

Question 16

Cyanosis

Answer 16

dusky blue color to skin or mucous membranes as a result of increased amount of non oxygenated hemoglobin

Question 17

Erosion

Answer 17

scooped-out shallow depression in skin

Question 18

Erythema

Answer 18

intense redness of the skin due to excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries as in fever or inflammation

Question 19

Excoriation

Answer 19

self inflicted abrasion on skin due to scratching

Question 20

Fissure

Answer 20

linear crack in skin extending into dermis

Question 21

Furuncle

Answer 21

boil; suppurative inflammatory skin lesion due to infected hair follicle

Question 22

Hemangioma

Answer 22

skin lesion due to benign proliferation of blood vessels in the dermis

Question 23

Iris

Answer 23

target shape of skin lesion

Question 24

jaundice

Answer 24

yellow color to skin, palate, and sclera due to excess bilirubin in the blood

Question 25

Keloid

Answer 25

hypertrophic scar, elevated beyond site of original injury

Question 26

Lichenification

Answer 26

tightly packed set of papillose that thickens skin; caused by prolonged intense scraching

Question 27

Limpome

Answer 27

benign fatty tumor

Question 28

Maceration

Answer 28

softening of the tissue by soaking

Question 29

Macule

Answer 29

flat skin lesion with only a color change

Question 30

Nevus

Answer 30

mole; circumscribed skin lesion due to excess melanocytes

Question 31

Nodule

Answer 31

elevated skin lesion larger than 1 cm

Question 32

pallor

Answer 32

excessively pale, whitish-pink color to lightly pigmented skin

Question 33

Papule

Answer 33

palpable skin lesion smaller than 1 cm in diameter

Question 34

Plaque

Answer 34

skin lesion in which papillose coalesce or come together

Question 35

Scale

Answer 35

compact desiccated flakes of skin from shedding of dead skin cells

Question 36

Telangiectasia

Answer 36

skin lesion due to permanently enlarged and dilated blood vessels that are visible

Question 37

Ulcer

Answer 37

sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue that causes a deep depression in skin, extending into dermis

Question 38

Vesicle

Answer 38

elevated cavity containing free fluid up to 1 cm in diameter

Question 39

Wheal

Answer 39

raised red skin lesion due to interstitial fluid

Question 40

Zosteriform

Answer 40

linear shape of skin lesion along a nerve route

Question 41

Secretion of eccrine gland

Answer 41

dilute saline solution

Question 42

to assess for early jaundice you will assess

Answer 42

sclera and hard palate

Question 43

checking for skin temp is best accomplished by using

Answer 43

the dorsal surface of the hand

Question 44

assessing a patients skin turgor is done to assess for

Answer 44

dehydration

Question 45

you note a lesion during a skin assessment. What is the best way to document this finding

Answer 45

describe the lesions size, color, location, border, measure, drainage

Question 46

You examine the nail beds of a patient. Which finding indicates a normal angle

Answer 46

160 degree

Question 47

You are assessing capillary refill. The room is warm. Which finding would be considered normal

Answer 47

less than 1 second

Question 48

During a routine visit, M.B. age 78 asks about a small round, flat, brown merciless on the hands. what is your best response

Answer 48

these are the result of sun exposure and do not require treatment

Question 49

an area of thin shiny skin with decreased visibility of normal skin markings is most likely

Answer 49

atrophy

Question 50

flattening of the angle between the nail and its base is

Answer 50

described as clubbing

Question 51

a configuration of individual lesions arranged in circles or arcs as occurs with ringworm is described as a

Answer 51

annular lesion

Question 52

the A in the ABCDE rule for skin cancer stands for

Answer 52

asymmetry

Question 53

A risk factor for melanoma is

Answer 53

skin that freckles or burns before tanning

Question 54

herpes zoster infection (shingles) is characterized by

Answer 54

lesion on only one side of body; does not cross midline

Question 55

basal cell layer

Answer 55

epidermis

Question 56

aids protection by cushioning

Answer 56

subcutaneous layer

Question 57

collagen

Answer 57

dermis

Question 58

adipose tissue

Answer 58

subcutaneous layer

Question 59

uniformly thin

Answer 59

epidermis

Question 60

stratum corneum

Answer 60

epidermis

Question 61

elastic tissue

Answer 61

dermis

Question 62

pallor

Answer 62

absence of red-pink tones from oxygenated hemoglobin in blood

Question 63

Erythema

Answer 63

Intense redness of the skin due to excess blood in the dilated superficial capillaries

Question 64

Cyanosis

Answer 64

bluish mottled color that signifies decreased perfusion

Question 65

jaundice

Answer 65

increased bilirubin in the blood causing a yellow color in the skin