Chapter 12: Abnormal Psychology

Question 1

criteria for abnormality

Answer 1

harmful to the individual, disturbing to others, unusual and irrational

Question 2

DSM

Answer 2

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychological DIsorders; 5 axises

Question 3

Axis I

Answer 3

clinical diagnosis. General diagnosis; generalized anxiety disorder, paranoid schizophrenia, major depressive disorder

Question 4

Axis II

Answer 4

personality and mental disorders, long term disorders

Question 5

Axis III

Answer 5

Medical ailments, caused by cancer and other stuff

Question 6

Axis IV

Answer 6

Psychosocial conditions; caused by environmental stressors

Question 7

Axis V

Answer 7

Global Assesment of Functioning, how well someone functions from 1 to 100

Question 8

Anxiety disorders

Answer 8

disorder characterized by anxiety

Question 9

specific phobia

Answer 9

agoraphobia, claustrophobia, arachnophobia

Question 10

generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 10

constant state of low-level anxiety

Question 11

panic disorder

Answer 11

punctuated panic attacks

Question 12

OCD

Answer 12

compulsion to do a particular thing, i.e. clean

Question 13

PTSD

Answer 13

flashbacks or nightamres following an extremely troubling event, memories of the event cause increased anxiety

Question 14

somatoform disorders

Answer 14

manifesting a psychological problem physically;

Question 15

hypochondriasis

Answer 15

constant small pains that people believe are indicative of really bad physical disorders, when in reality they aren’t and have no sourc but psychological

Question 16

conversion disorder

Answer 16

people report blindness or paralysis without a cause

Question 17

dissociative disorders

Answer 17

disruption in the conscious process

Question 18

psychogenic amnesia

Answer 18

amnesia without a physiological cause

Question 19

organic amnesia

Answer 19

biologically induced amnesia

Question 20

fugue

Answer 20

psychogenic amnesia + wandering

Question 21

dissociative identity disorder

Answer 21

an individual has multiple fragmented identities rather than a collective one

Question 22

affective disorder/mood disorder

Answer 22

experience extreme or inappropriate emotions

Question 23

major depressive disorder

Answer 23

unipolar depression; most common mood disorder

Question 24

seasonal affective disorder

Answer 24

changes in mood as a result of the seasons

Question 25

manic depression

Answer 25

bipolar disorder, with depressive or happy episodes

Question 26

dysthymic disorder

Answer 26

a depressive period lasting more than two years, like major depressive disorder but not as intense

Question 27

Aaron Beck

Answer 27

cognitive theorist that created the cognitive triad

Question 28

cognitive triad

Answer 28

people are depressed because they have negative ideas about themselves, their world and their futures

Question 29

Martin Seligman

Answer 29

experiment wtih dogs, shocking and learned helplessness

Question 30

learned helplessness

Answer 30

people who have been downtrodden will remain so even when provided an exit

Question 31

delusions

Answer 31

delusions of persecution (paranoia) delusions of grandeur

Question 32

types of schizophrenia

Answer 32

paranoid, disordered, unaffected, catatonic

Question 33

neologisms

Answer 33

creating words; disorganized schizophrenia

Question 34

clang associations

Answer 34

strings of words put together for no reason; disorganized schizophrenia

Question 35

flat affect

Answer 35

no emotion; disorganized schizophrenia

Question 36

inappropriate affect

Answer 36

inappropriate reaction to situation; laugh when they find out someone has died; disorganized schizophrenia

Question 37

paranoid schizophrenia

Answer 37

delusions of persecution

Question 38

disorganized schizophrenia

Answer 38

clang associations, neologisms, flat/inappropriate affect

Question 39

catatonic schizophrenia

Answer 39

waxy flexibility, awkward/jerky motion or body positions

Question 40

undifferentiated schizophrenia

Answer 40

disordered thinking without symptoms of the other schizophrenias

Question 41

dopamine hypothesis

Answer 41

schizophrenia results from elevated dopamine levels

Question 42

tardive dyskinesia

Answer 42

tremors and stiffness resulting from dopamine-lowering antipsychotics

Question 43

double binds

Answer 43

conflicting views of reality that could cause schizophrenia due to inability to rationally resolve their exsperiences

Question 44

diathesis-stress model

Answer 44

environmental stressors can provide a situation in which a biological basis for illness may reveal itself

Question 45

antisocial personality disorder

Answer 45

little regard for other people's feelings, view hte world as hostile, insensitivity

Question 46

histrionic personality disorder

Answer 46

overly dramatic behavior (histrionics)

Question 47

David Rosenhan study

Answer 47

said they were hearing voices, admitted as schizophrenics, released as schizophrenics in remission, every action while in mental hospital was treated as a symptom