Chapter 12: Enroute Navigation Flashcards
Who is the clearance authority for flight in controlled airspace VFR or uncontrolled airspace?
PIC
Where can you find info about oceanic remote continental airspace stuff?
Global Operational Data Link (GOLD) Manual?
When must you fly VFR hemispheric altitudes?
Above 3000’ AGL, but not when below that or holding for 2 min or less patterns, or turning
When flying IFR, fly no lower than what?
On airways, published minimums for airway
Off airways, no lower than:
- OROCA (off route obstacle clearance altitude) or
- ORTCA (off route terrain clearance altitude) or
- 1000’ above obstacles w/in 4NM of course or 2000’ in mountainous terrain
Fly over non-congested areas no lower than what? Congested areas? National Park monuments/seashores/lake shores/recreation and scenic areas?
500’ AGL
1000’ above highest obstacle in 2000’ radius
2000’ AGL
Don’t fly in a disaster area
What is the airspeed restriction below 10,000’ MSL?
250 knots (we have a waiver to 300-350)
Do not exceed what airspeeds in Class B underlying airspace/VFR corridor? Within 4 NM of Class C/D airports?
200 kts
200 kts
For hazard avoidance, how should aircrew operate?
Do not operate in forecast or actual severe condition
Do not fly into a thunderstorm (or be IMC near one without weather radar)
Do not fly within 50 NM known volcanic ash
What is lowest ceiling can be where can still operate VFR beneath it?
1000’
When transitioning between IFR and VFR or vice versa what must you do?
Maintain appropriate cloud clearances/visibility
What is cloud clearance and vis for Class B airspace?
Class C/D/E below 10,000’ MSL?
Class E at or above 10,000’ MSL?
Class G?
3 SM, clear of clouds
3 SM, 500’ below, 1000’ above, 2000’ horizontal clouds
5 SM, 1000’ below, 1000’ above, 1 SM horizontal clouds
Above 1200’, but below 10,000’: 1 SM, clear of clouds
At or below 1200’: 1/2 SM, clear of clouds
What must be charted for VFR flights below 1000’ AGL?
Course lines, magnetic heading, leg distance, and time for segments
How do you compute a minimum safe altitude (MSA) vs emergency route abort altitude (ERAA)?
MSA is for leg for 500’ above highest obstruction on that leg within 5 NM of route
ERAA is for 1000’ or 2000’ in mt terrain above highest obstruction within 22 NM either side of route
Most low-level accidents occur doing what?
Turning
