Chapter 12: hair, skin, nails

Question 1

Cherry angiomas

Answer 1

red dots on skin that appear in all adults older then 30

Question 2

Mongolian spot

Answer 2

common variation of hyperpigmention in black, Asian, American indian, and Hispanic newborns

Question 3

café au lait spot

Answer 3

large round or oval patch of light brown pigmentation, present at birth (amy adams arm)

Question 4

acrocyanosis

Answer 4

infant having blueish color around lips, hands, feet, toenails

Question 5

cutis marmorata

Answer 5

infant transient mottling in the trunk and extremitis in response to cooler room temperatures

Question 6

Erythema toxicum

Answer 6

common rash that occurs within first 3-4 days of life. “flea bite rash”

Question 7

carotenemia

Answer 7

yellow orange color on skin but not in sclera or mucas membranes, comes from eating too many carrots

Question 8

milia

Answer 8

tiny white papils on checks or forehead of infant (don’t pop or pick)

Question 9

storkbite

Answer 9

infant: flat irregular shaped red or pink patch on face. fades within first year

Question 10

infant hair

Answer 10

fine downy, could lose hair after first week but will grow back

Question 11

seborrheic dermatitis

Answer 11

cradle cap, dry crusted scalp of infant

Question 12

striae

Answer 12

stretch marks in pregnant women

Question 13

linea nigra

Answer 13

dark brownish line down midline of pregnant women

Question 14

chaloasma

Answer 14

irregular brown patch of hyperpigmentation on face in pregnant women

Question 15

senile lentigines

Answer 15

“liver spots” in aging adults small, flat, brown, modules

Question 16

keratoses

Answer 16

lesions that are raised and thickened of pigmentation, look crusty,scaley or warty in aging adult

Question 17

actinic keratosis

Answer 17

red-tan lesions that increase over the years, directly related to sun exposure

Question 18

xerosis

Answer 18

dry skin

Question 19

acrochordons

Answer 19

“skin tags” overgrowths of skin that form a stalk and are polyp-like. occurs in aging adults

Question 20

sebaceous hyperplasia

Answer 20

raised yellow papules with a central depression. aging adult

Question 21

vitiligo

Answer 21

patchy depigmentation from destruction of melanocytes, milky white spots

Question 22

polycythemia

Answer 22

(increased red blood cells) ruddy blue in face, oral mucosa, conjunctiva, hands and feet

Question 23

addisons disease

Answer 23

increased melanin production, bronzed appearance

Question 24

annular

Answer 24

circular, begins in center and spreads outward

Question 25

confluent

Answer 25

the lesions run together

Question 26

discrete

Answer 26

distinct , individual lesions that remain seperate

Question 27

gyrate

Answer 27

twisted, colied, spiral, snake like

Question 28

grouped

Answer 28

clusters of lesions

Question 29

linear

Answer 29

scratch, streak, line

Question 30

target (also know as "iris")

Answer 30

concentric rings of color in the lesions

Question 31

zosteriform

Answer 31

linear arrangement along a unilateral nerve route

Question 32

polcyclic

Answer 32

annual lesions that grow together

Question 33

purpura

Answer 33

bruised looking spots, little old lady hands, always looks bruised

Question 34

melanomas

Answer 34

asymmetric, irregular borders, change color, diameter, or elevation

Question 35

hair assesment

Answer 35

hair color, (grey is genetic), texture (curly, fine, straight?)

Question 36

hirsutism

Answer 36

body hair

Question 37

nail assessment

Answer 37

look for clubbing (supposed to have diamond shape when nails pressed together), color is appropriate for ethnicity, nail is smooth

Question 38

verticle ridges in nails

Answer 38

associated with aging, kidney disease, and iron deficiency and anemia

Question 39

beau's line

Answer 39

caused by server interruption of nail growth, depression across nail that extends down the nail bed

Question 40

pitting with psoriasis

Answer 40

crumbling of nails with distal detachment

Question 41

spoon shaped nail

Answer 41

caused by iron deficiency anemia

Question 42

onycholysis

Answer 42

fungal infection of toenail and finger nails, change in color of nail