Chapter 19: heart and neck vessels Flashcards Preview

NUR 230 exam 3 > Chapter 19: heart and neck vessels > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 19: heart and neck vessels Deck (34)
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1
Q

angina

A

heart cannot keep up with metabolic demand, chest pain

2
Q

diaphoresis

A

cold sweats, palor

3
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

4
Q

orthopnea

A

use of pillows to position person to breathe better

5
Q

nocturia

A

urinating at night

6
Q

carotid hypersensitivity

A

pressure over the carotid sinus leads to a decreased heart rate and bp

7
Q

carotid bruit

A

audible because the turbulent is loud and increases as atherosclerosis worsens

8
Q

murmur

A

cardiac disorder but may sound like a carotid bruit

9
Q

heave or lift

A

sustained forceful thrusting of the ventricle during systole

10
Q

sustained impulse

A

similar to a heave or lift but with increase in force and duration but no change in location

11
Q

thrill

A

palpable vibration, feels like a throat of a purring cat, this signifies turbulent blood flood and accompanies loud murmurs

12
Q

pulse deficit

A

signals a weak contraction of the ventricles

13
Q

S1 is louder than

A

S2 at the apex

14
Q

S2 is louder than

A

S1 at the base

15
Q

paradoxical split

A

opposite of what you should hear for S1 and S2 sounds

16
Q

murmurs may be due to

A

congenital defects and acquired valvular defects

17
Q

systolic murmur may occur with

A

normal heart or heart disease

18
Q

diastolic murmur always indicates

A

heart disease

19
Q

murmur of mitral stenosis is

A

rumbling

20
Q

aortic stenosis is

A

harsh

21
Q

how much does a pregnancy normally raise a womans blood pressure

A

30/15

22
Q

heart failure symptoms

A

dilated pupils, skin is cyanotic or palor, orthopnea, crackles, wheeze, or cough, decreased bp, nausea, vomitting

23
Q

atrial septal defect (asd)

A

abnormal opening in the atrial septum, causing large increase in pulmonary blood flow

24
Q

ventricular septal defect

A

abnormal opening in septem between ventricales, usually subarotic area

25
Q

tetralogy of fallot (four components)

A
  1. right ventricular outflow stenosis 2.VSD 3. right ventricular hypertrophy 4. overriding aorta
26
Q

coarctation of the aorta

A

severe narrowing of descending aorta, usually at the junction just distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery, results in increased work load on left ventricle

27
Q

aortic stenosis

A

calcification of aortic valve cusps which restricts forward flow of blood during systole, a loud hard murmur is associated with this that is during systole

28
Q

pulmonic stenosis

A

calcification of pulmonic valve, restricts forward flow of blood

29
Q

mitral regurgitation

A

stream of blood regurgitates back into left atrium during systole through incompetent mitral valve

30
Q

tricuspid regurgitation

A

back flow of blood through incompetent tricuspid back into the right atrium

31
Q

mitral stenosis

A

calcified mitral valve that does not open properly, impedes flow of blood into left ventricle during diastole, results with enlarged left atrium and left atrial pressure is increased

32
Q

tricuspid stenosis

A

calcification of the tricuspid valve, impedes forward flow into right ventricle

33
Q

aortic regurgitation

A

stream of blood regurgitates back through incompetent aortic valve into the left ventricle during diastole

34
Q

pulmonic regurgitation

A

backflow of blood through pulmonic valve from pulmonary artery to right ventricle