Chapter 12 notes pt. 3

Question 1

the conditional release of an inmate before his or her sentance has expired

Answer 1

parole

Question 2

parole is based on what three concepts?

Answer 2

1. grace
2. contract of consent
3. custody

Question 3

the release of an inmate into a community supervison program at the discretion of the parole board within limits set by state or federal law

Answer 3

discretionary release

Question 4

under indeterminate sentencing, parole is not a right but a __________

Answer 4

privilege

Question 5

In Greenhotz vs Inmates of the Nebraska Penal and Correctional Complex (1979) what did the Supreme Court rule?

Answer 5

Inmates don’t have a constitutionally protected right to expect parole, thereby giving states the freedom to set their own standards for determing parole eligibility

Question 6

true or false: all convicts are eligible for parole

Answer 6

false

Question 7

Is this probation or parole:

an alternative to imprisonment.

Answer 7

probation

Question 8

Is this probation or parole:

an early release from a correctional facility

Answer 8

parole

Question 9

Is this probation or parole:

generally occurs before imprisonment

Answer 9

probation

Question 10

Is this probation or parole:

occurs after an offender has spent time behind bars

Answer 10

parole

Question 11

Is this probation or parole:

is under the domain of the judiciary

Answer 11

probation

Question 12

Is this probation or parole:

often falls under the domain of the parole board

Answer 12

parole

Question 13

Is this probation or parole:

Most of them are first-time offenders who have committed nonviolent crimes

Answer 13

probation

Question 14

Is this probation or parole:

spent months or even years in prison

Answer 14

parole

Question 15

true or false: a convict applies for parole

Answer 15

false

Question 16

in most states, the responsiblity for making the parole decision falls to the ________ ______

Answer 16

parole board

Question 17

a body of appointed civilians that decides whether a convict should be granted conditional release before the end of his or her sentence

Answer 17

parole board

Question 18

most parole boards are ____, made up of __-__ members

Answer 18

small

3-7

Question 19

in many jurisdiction, parole board member’s terms are limited to between __-__ years

Answer 19

4-6

Question 20

in a system that uses discretionary parole, the actual release decision is made at a _______ _____ ________

Answer 20

parole grant hearing

Question 21

a hearing in which the entire parole board or a subcommittee reviews information, meets the offender, and hears testimony from relevant witnesses to determine whether to grant people

Answer 21

parole grant hearing

Question 22

If parole is denied, the entire process is replayed at the next “________ ______”, which depends on the nature of the offender’s crimes and all relevant laws

Answer 22

“action date”

Question 23

If parole is denied, the entire process is replayed at the next “action date”, which depends on the nature of the offender’s _____ and all _______ laws

Answer 23

crimes

relevant

Question 24

release from prison that occurs when an offender has served the full-length of his or her sentence, minus any adjustments for good time

Answer 24

mandatory release

Question 25

in mandatory release, corrections officials rely on ______ ___________ to determine the early release date

Answer 25

parole guidelines

Question 26

standards that are used in the parole process to measure the risk that a potential parolee will recidivate

Answer 26

parole guidelines

Question 27

under the system of parole guidelines, inmates and corrections authorities know the _________ _______ _____ soon after the inmate enters prison.

Answer 27

presumptive parole date

Question 28

the term parole has two meanings: 1. 2.

Answer 28

1. refers to the establishment of a release | 2. the continuing supervision of convicted felons after they have been released from prison

Question 29

an agreement between the state and the offender that establishes the conditions of parole

Answer 29

parole contract

Question 30

each jurisdiction has its own standard _______ _______, although the parole board can add specific provisions if it sees the need

Answer 30

parole contract

Question 31

the release of an inmate from prison at the end of his or her sentence without any further correctional supervision

Answer 31

expiration release

Question 32

an act of executive clemancy that overturns a conviction and erases mention of the crime from the person's criminal record

Answer 32

pardon

Question 33

temporary release from a prison for purposes of vocational or educational training, to ease the shock of release, or for personal reasons

Answer 33

furlough

Question 34

_________ ________ occurs following a short period of incarceration at the back end of shock probation

Answer 34

probation release

Question 35

probation release occurs following a short period of __________ at the back end of shock probation

Answer 35

incarceration

Question 36

Parole refers to the __________ release of an inmate from prison before the end of his or her _________.

Answer 36

conditional | sentence

Question 37

In jurisdictions that have systems of discretionary release, a __________ __________ makes the parole decision.

Answer 37

parole board

Question 38

In contrast, with a _________ release, the inmate will not leave prison until her or his sentence has expired, minus good-time credits.

Answer 38

mandatory

Question 39

Once an inmate has been released from prison, the terms of his or her release are spelled out in a parole _________, and a ________ violation of these terms or, especially, the commission of a new crime will almost certainly result in a return to prison.

Answer 39

contract | technical

Question 40

Describe typical conditions of parole.

Answer 40

Parolees must not use illegal drugs, not associate with known felons, not change their addresses without notifying authorities, and report to their parole officer at specified intervals.