Chapter 12 - Religion in Canada

Question 1

What do sociologists of religion focus on?

Answer 1

The ways people act out their religious beliefs and practices, and how religious beliefs intersect with social institutions

Question 2

Which sociological perspective views religion as illusory happiness and points to the power of religion in social life

Answer 2

Marxist tradition (Karl Marx)

Question 3

What religion is Canada dominated by?

Answer 3

Christianity: Roman Catholicism and Protestant

Question 4

Why is religion in Canada changing?

Answer 4

Growing presence of more religious groups and no religious affiliation

Question 5

Why was greater attention paid to religion and violence

Answer 5

9/11

Question 6

How is the religious demographic in Canada changing?

Answer 6

Growth in Jewish, Muslim, Sikh, Buddhist and Hindu communities and decline in attendance among Christian communities

Question 7

What promotes policies that support diverse religious identities?

Answer 7

Canadian Multiculturalism Act

Question 8

How did Beyer say that religion and youth intersect?

Answer 8

Take responsibility for own religious identity

Question 9

What is the functional definition of religion?

Answer 9

Focus is on what religion does for the social group and individual

Question 10

What is the substantive definition of religion?

Answer 10

Examine what religion is and what does not count as religion

Question 11

What was Durkheim’s view of religion?

Answer 11

Viewed it as a social phenomenon and source of social cohesion

Question 12

Who said that society tends to divide the world into sacred and profane?

Answer 12

Durkheim

Question 13

Who examined the role religion played in creating social cohesion, or civil religion?

Answer 13

Bellah

Question 14

What is the difference between religion and spirituality for most people?

Answer 14

Religion is organized and spirituality is less institutional and more private

Question 15

What is based on hierarchy of what counts as religion?

Answer 15

Arbitrary division

Question 16

Who created a distinction effectively separating religion as distinct from everyday life reflect christian views of religion and spirituality?

Answer 16

Asad

Question 17

Who embraced a methodological approach to move outside or beyond traditional Christian thinking about religion?

Answer 17

McGuire

Question 18

Which sociologist suggested a more subtle approach to studying religion, saying religion is more personal and individual?

Answer 18

Closson James

Question 19

Which sociologist did a classic study of new religious movements?

Answer 19

Barker

Question 20

Which sociologist examined Raelians, a Quebec-based UFO group?

Answer 20

Palmer

Question 21

What is the process by which religion increasingly loses influence in society?

Answer 21

Secularization

Question 22

Why is secularization linked to the enlightenment?

Answer 22

Enlightenment gave rise to science, which appeared to replace religion

Question 23

What is Casanova’s Multilevel Theory of Secularization?

Answer 23

Secularization as religion is declining, secularization as differentiation, secularization as privatization

Question 24

What is Davie’s theory of Believing Without Belonging?

Answer 24

Many Canadians cite affiliation with organized religion but have little contact with those organizations in reality

Question 25

What is the theory of secularization?

Answer 25

Secularization may be enhanced by more complex notions of religion

Question 26

What was the Quiet Revolution in the late 1960s?

Answer 26

Decline in church attendance, participation among Quebec population

Question 27

What were explanations for the Quiet Revolution?

Answer 27

Changing perceptions of the church as anti-modern, oppressive

Question 28

What is the current debate about religion in society in Quebec?

Answer 28

It’s related to religious practices of immigrants, especially Muslims. Raises the question of “reasonable accommodation” for religious minorities

Question 29

What is the Issue of Language of Accommodation?

Answer 29

Suggests that religious differences are “tolerated” not respected

Question 30

What is an important social institution that mediates how religious beliefs can be expressed through practice?

Answer 30

Law

Question 31

What sets boundaries on religious expression?

Answer 31

Law

Question 32

Where are religious beliefs protected?

Answer 32

Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Question 33

What have scholars argued about religion and gender?

Answer 33

Key institutional site of women’s oppression

Question 34

What did Hoodfar emphasize about religion?

Answer 34

Various perspectives among women who choose to wear the hijab

Question 35

Which sociologist argued that women must abandon traditional religion and its patriarchal control?

Answer 35

Daly

Question 36

What is a reformist strategy about religion and gender?

Answer 36

Women reshape or reframe religious teachings to affirm women’s agency

Question 37

What have people said about violence against women within religious communities?

Answer 37

Insufficiently addressed and denied