chapter 12 test

Question 1

What is Libertarianism

Answer 1

-an ideology favoring very little government regulation beyond protecting private property and individual liberty

Question 2

What is liberalism

Answer 2

-an ideology favoring less government control over social behavior and more greater regulation of businesses and economy

Question 3

what is conservatism

Answer 3

-ideology favoring more control of social behavior , fewer regulations of businesses and less government interference in the economy

Question 4

what is party identification

Answer 4

-an individuals attachment to a political party

Question 5

what is a political ideology

Answer 5

-a set of beliefs about the desired goals and outcomes of a process of governance

Question 6

What are some viewpoints of democrats

Answer 6

-liberty of privacy
-order in gun regulation
-protect liberties of the accused
-pro-choice
-higher taxes for businesses and wealthy

Question 7

what is the difference between a right and a privledge

Answer 7

-a right is something guaranteed that the gov cannot take away
-a privilege is something someone can receive that CAN be taken away by the gov

Question 8

what are some viewpoints of republicans?

Answer 8

-liberty in the marketplace
-order in immigration
-stronger punishment for offenders
-pro-life
- tax cuts for businesses

Question 9

what is laissez-faire economic policy?

Answer 9

-economic policy where the government has very little involvement

Question 10

What is a command-and-control economy?

Answer 10

-economic policy where the government dictates much of the nations economic activity

Question 11

what is a mixed economy

Answer 11

-economic policy where it is mixed control between individuals(businesses) and government control of the economy

Question 12

what is Gross Domestic Product?

Answer 12

-the total value of goods and services produced by an economy

Question 13

What is the unemployment rate?

Answer 13

-the percentage of people actively looking for work who cannot find jobs

Question 14

What is inflation

Answer 14

-the rise in the prices of goods and services

Question 15

What is Keynesian economic theory

Answer 15

-liberal economic policy, beliefs to boost economy by increase government spending

Question 16

What is supply-side theory

Answer 16

-conservative economic policy belief to lower taxes on individuals and buisnesses

Question 17

What is fiscal policy

Answer 17

-governemnt use of taxes and spending to attempt to lower unemployment , support economic growth and stabilize the economy

Question 18

What do republicans generally support regarding the economy

Answer 18

-tend to support budgets with higher military spending, but otherwise, lower government spending and lower taxes

Question 19

What do democrats generally support regarding the economy

Answer 19

-budget increasing spending on programs meant to target inequity
-increase taxes on wealthy
-

Question 20

What is Monetary policy?

Answer 20

• actions by the Federal reserve using interest rates and money supply to effect the economy

Question 21

What can too large of the money supply lead to?

Answer 21

-that can lead to inflation

Question 22

What is the Federal Reserve System?

Answer 22

-the part of our federal bureaucracy that controls our monetary policy

Question 23

What is the difference between Medicare and Medicaid?

Answer 23

Medicare is health insurance for the elderly and disabled
Medicaid is a federal program that provides healthcare for the poor

Question 24

WHat is the Great Society

Answer 24

-social insurance programs created by Lyndon Johnson

Question 25

What makes up the largest portion of the Federal budget?

Answer 25

-social security and Medicare

Question 26

Which country has the highest health care costs in the world?

Answer 26

-the U.S

Question 27

What is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act?

Answer 27

-it gave more Americans access to healthcare coverage

Question 28

What do Liberals generally believe regarding healthcare

Answer 28

-healthcare should be widely available and that affordable healthcare is a human right

Question 29

what do conservatives generally believe regarding healthcare

Answer 29

-people should be responsible for their own decisions and not be forced by the government

Question 30

what are vouchers

Answer 30

-payment from the state that pays for part of a child's private school tuition

Question 31

What do opponents of vouchers believe?

Answer 31

-it drains much needed money from public schools

Question 32

What do proponents of vouchers believe

Answer 32

-they believe that it allows families more choice and that they can use that money for private school tuition

Question 33

what is a political party?

Answer 33

-organized group of party leaders , officeholders, and votes who work together to elect candidates to political office

Question 34

what are the roles that political parties have as organizations

Answer 34

-unite people who share goals

Question 35

what is party identification?

Answer 35

-the degree to which a voter is connected to and influence by a particular political party

Question 36

what is straight-ticket voting

Answer 36

-voting for all candidates on the ballot from one political party

Question 37

what is split-ticket voting

Answer 37

-voting for candidates of different political parties on the same ballot

Question 38

what is a party platform

Answer 38

-set of positions and policy objectives that members of a political party agree to

Question 39

where is a party platform voted on

Answer 39

-At the national convention

Question 40

what are the responsibilities of the party leadership chair

Answer 40

-rasing money for the party -serving as a spokesman for the party

Question 41

what is recruitment

Answer 41

-process through which political parties identify potential candidates

Question 42

How do political parties assist during a political campaign

Answer 42

-they help handle the cost and burden of a campaign

Question 43

What is a party coalition?

Answer 43

groups of voters who support a political party over time

Question 44

What is realignment

Answer 44

when groups of people who support a political party shift their allegiance to a different political party

Question 45

What is a critical election?

Answer 45

-major national election that signals a change in the balance of power between two parties

Question 46

What is the party era

Answer 46

-time period when one party wins most national elections

Question 47

What is the era of divided government

Answer 47

-a trend since 1969, where one party controls one of both houses of Congress and the president is from the opposing party

Question 48

What is polarization? How is it occurring now?

Answer 48

-people tend to vote on party lines and it is very hard to get compromise -it is getting more polarized than previously

Question 49

What is nomination for office by a political party?

Answer 49

-the formal process through which parties choose their candidates for office

Question 50

Who are delegates

Answer 50

-people who act as the voters representative at a convention to select the party's nominee

Question 51

What are primary elections?

Answer 51

an election in which voters choose delegates who support a presidential candidate for nomination or an election by plurality vote to select a party's nominee for a seat in congress

Question 52

What are open primaries?

Answer 52

-only those who have registered as a member of a political party may vote

Question 53

What are closed primaries?

Answer 53

-only those who have registered as a member of a political party may vote

Question 54

What is a caucus

Answer 54

-a meeting that is another process

Question 55

What are the differences between primaries and caucuses?

Answer 55

-primary elections are secret ballot(you go and vote) -caucuses is very well known who you are supporting (its in a meeting)

Question 56

What are superdelegates?

Answer 56

-it gives party elite special representation at the convention

Question 57

What is front loading?

Answer 57

-a decision by a state to push its primary or caucus date to as early as possible to gain more influence in the presidential nomination process

Question 58

What is a national convention?

Answer 58

-a meeting where delegates officially select their party's nominee for the presidency

Question 59

What is a candidate centered campaign?

Answer 59

-trend where candidates develop their own strategies and raise money with less influence from the party elite

Question 60

What is a two-party system? Where are two-party systems most likely to be dominant?

Answer 60

-system where two political parties dominate politics, winning almost all elections

Question 61

What is a proportional representation system? What does this often result in?

Answer 61

-an electrical system for a legislature in which citizens vote for parties, rather than individuals and parties are represented in the legislature according to the percentage of the vote they recieve

Question 62

What roles do third parties have?

Answer 62

-new ideas -spoiler effect

Question 63

Why are third parties rarely successful?

Answer 63

-single member districts, narrow focus, lack of money and attention

Question 64

What is a recession?

Answer 64

-a decrease in GDP for at least 2 consecutive quarters

Question 65

What is the difference between a majority and a plurality?

Answer 65

-majority=more than half -plurality =most votes but less than half