Multiple Choice Test Chapter 10

Question 1

What is political culture?

Answer 1

Beliefs, traditions, and values that define the relationship between citizens and government.

Question 2

What is individualism?

Answer 2

Belief that individuals should be responsible for themselves and their decisions.

Question 3

What is equality of opportunity?

Answer 3

Everyone should have a chance to succeed.

Question 4

What is free enterprise/laissez faire?

Answer 4

The government does not set wages, prices, and production. Economic questions are left to individuals and businesses.

Question 5

What is rule of law?

Answer 5

The law applies to everyone, even officials.

Question 6

What is limited government?

Answer 6

Humans have inherent rights that cannot be taken away.

Question 7

What is political socialization?

Answer 7

The experiences and factors that shape an individual’s political values, attitudes, and behaviors.

Question 8

What is a political ideology?

Answer 8

An individual’s coherent set of beliefs about government and politics.

Question 9

What are the most important factors of political socialization?

Answer 9

Family.

Question 10

What is the generational effect?

Answer 10

The impact of historical events experienced by a generation upon their political views.

Question 11

What is the life-cycle effect?

Answer 11

The impact of a person’s age and stage in life on his or her political views.

Question 12

What trend has occurred for public trust in government since the 1950s?

Answer 12

It has decreased.

Question 13

What is globalization?

Answer 13

Increasing interconnectedness of people, businesses, cultures, and countries throughout the world.

Globalization holds nations accountable and discourages human rights violations.

Question 14

What role does China have in the world today?

Answer 14

Global economic power that has built up military strength.

Question 15

What role does Russia have in the world today?

Answer 15

Aggressively asserts its own interests in Europe.

Question 16

What role does the European Union have in the world today?

Answer 16

Global economic power with lots of cultural influence.

Question 17

What are multinational corporations?

Answer 17

Companies that make, transport, and market goods and services in two or more countries.

Question 18

What are nongovernmental organizations?

Answer 18

Independent groups outside of the government that work toward public causes.

Question 19

What are intergovernmental organizations?

Answer 19

Organizations formed by multiple countries to work together on common issues.

Question 20

What is free trade?

Answer 20

Fewer restrictions on the flow of goods and services across national borders.

Question 21

What was NAFTA?

Answer 21

A free trade agreement between the US, Canada, and Mexico.

Question 22

What was NAFTA replaced by?

Answer 22

NAFTA was replaced by USMCA.

Question 23

What is outsourcing?

Answer 23

Occurs when a company moves its business to a place where labor costs are cheaper or production is more efficient because workers work longer hours.

Question 24

For an effective representative democracy

Answer 24

Voters must have opinions and preferences that can be communicated to representatives

Question 26

What is public opinion?

Answer 26

An individual's attitudes about government and policies. ## Footnote Includes the wishes of the constituents.

Question 27

What are two components of public opinion?

Answer 27

Beliefs and attitudes. ## Footnote The blending of these preferences into a larger concept.

Question 28

What is a focus group?

Answer 28

A small group of individuals assembled for a conversation about specific issues.

Question 29

What is a scientific poll?

Answer 29

Takes a representative sample of randomly selected respondents with a statistically significant sample size, using neutral language.

Question 30

What is a sample? How large is a sample generally in a survey?

Answer 30

The people they are actually asking. About 15,000 people.

Question 31

What is random selection?

Answer 31

A method of choosing people that doesn't over or under represent any group of the population.

Question 32

What is a representative sample?

Answer 32

The sample reflects the demographics of the population.

Question 33

What is sampling error?

Answer 33

If the polling results are within 3%, it is considered too close to call.

Question 34

What are entrance surveys?

Answer 34

A poll conducted of people who are coming into an event.

Question 35

What are exit polls?

Answer 35

Surveys conducted after individuals have voted, asking why they voted as they did.

Question 36

What are benchmark polls?

Answer 36

Surveys taken at the beginning of a political campaign to determine candidate support and main issues.

Question 37

What are tracking polls?

Answer 37

Surveys that measure support for a candidate or issue over the length of a campaign.

Question 38

What is random digit dialing?

Answer 38

Use of telephone numbers to select respondents. ## Footnote A weakness is that many people ignore the calls.

Question 39

How can question order and question wording affect the results of a survey?

Answer 39

Certain words can affect the way that the person responds.

Question 40

How does party identification affect public opinion?

Answer 40

Party identification is one of the largest predictors of public opinion.

Question 41

Give several factors of how public opinion is divided.

Answer 41

Public opinion is divided along racial, ethnic, gender, socioeconomic, and age lines.

Question 42

What is the 'gender gap'?

Answer 42

Women on average lean more Democrat, while men lean more Republican.

Question 43

Why is public opinion measured?

Answer 43

It is used by researchers, candidates, interest groups, and media to know what people's opinions are.