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CISSP > Chapter 12: Wireless Networking > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Wireless Networking Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

how is data passed in wireless communication systems

A

they modulate data onto electromagnetic signals like radio and light waves

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2
Q

higher frequency carries … data over a … distance with … susceptibility to interference

A

carries more data but over a shorter distance and with more susceptibility to interference

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3
Q

Wireless communication systems use … as a medium access control protocol

A

CSMA/CA

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4
Q

CSMA/CA

A

carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance

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5
Q

MAC

A

medium access control protocol

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6
Q

radio frequency band

A

a subset of the radio spectrum designated for a specific use

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7
Q

Wi-Fi systems operate in the … GHz bands

A

2.4-GHz and 5-GHz bands

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8
Q

Wireless communications systems use one of two modulation techniques

A

spread spectrum or orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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9
Q

OFDM

A

orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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10
Q

Spread spectrum modulation techniques include …

A

frequency hopping spread spectrum and direct sequence spread spectrum

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11
Q

FHSS

A

frequency hopping spread spectrum

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12
Q

DSSS

A

direct sequence spread spectrum

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13
Q

DSSS

A

spreads the data being transmitted over a wider spectrum than normally needed to overcome interference; relies on a chip sequence to let receiving stations know how to reconstruct the transmitted data

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14
Q

FHSS uses ….

A

uses a single subchannel at a time, but rapidly changes channels in a particular hope sequence

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15
Q

WLANs

A

Wireless local area networks

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16
Q

two forms of WLANs

A

infrastructure and ad hoc

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17
Q

Environments segmented into different WLANs by using …

A

using different SSIDs

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18
Q

802.11a

A

provides up to 54 Mbps and operates in the 5-GHz band

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19
Q

802.11b

A

provides a transfer rate of up to 11 Mbps and works in the 2.4 GHz frequency range

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20
Q

802.11g

A

operates in the 2.4-GHz band and supports data rates of up to 54 Mbps

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21
Q

802.11n

A

aka Wi-Fi 4; supports throughputs of up to 100 Mbps and works in the 5-GHz band

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22
Q

IEEE 802.11ac

A

Wi-Fi 5; an extension of 802.11n which increases throughput to 1.3 Gbps and is backward compatible with a, b, g, and n

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23
Q

802.11ax standard

A

aims to address efficiency rather than faster speeds

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24
Q

Li-Fi

A

wireless networking tech which uses light rather than radio waves to transmit and receive data

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25
802.16
MAN wireless standard; allows wireless traffic to cover large geographical areas where stations can be as far as 70 km apart, using 2.4-GHz and 5-GHz bands
26
MAN
metropolitan area network
27
802.15.4 standard
defines the physical layer and Media Access Control sublayer of wireless personal area networks
28
WPANs
wireless personal area networks
29
ZigBee standard
for layers 3 (network) and 7 (application) built on top of 802.15.4 and commonly used in Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial IoT systems
30
Bluetooth standard
for WPANs; commonly used to replace the cables connecting peripherals to computers and mobile devices
31
802.11e standard
provides Quality of Service and support of multimedia traffic in wireless transmissions
32
QoS
Quality of Service
33
802.11f standard
used when access points transfer active connections among themselves, enabling users to roam across APs
34
802.11h standard
addresses interference issues in 5-GHz band regarding radar and satellite systems; using DFS and TPC techniques
35
DFS
Dynamic Frequency Selection
36
TPC
Transmit Power Control
37
802.11j standard
allow common technologies like WLANs to be employed in countries (Japan) where local regulations conflict with portions of a broader standard like 802.11
38
802.11
original WLAN which included WEP and is now obsolete
39
WEP
Wired Equivalent Privacy
40
802.11i
defines WPA2 and the common standard used in WLANs today
41
WPA2
Wi-Fi Protected Access 2
42
IEEE 802.11w standard
provides Management Frame Protection (MFP) which prevents certain attacks like replay and DoS attacks
43
WPA3
developed by Wi-Fi alliance (not IEEE) and replacing WPA2 for both personal and enterprise use
44
802.1X
access control protocol; implemented on both wired and wireless networks for user authentication and key distribution
45
Mobile telephony
gone through different generations and multiple access technologies: 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G
46
1G
FDMA
47
2G
TDMA
48
3G
CDMA
49
4G
OFDM
50
5G
OFDM
51
Satellite communication links provide connectivity across very .... distances and in places .... but may introduce ... challenges
across very long distances and in places that would otherwise not be reachable, but may introduce latency challenges
52
Characteristics of IEEE 802.11a standard
OFDM spread-spectrum tech, works in 5-GHz frequency band, provides bandwidth up to 54 Mbps, covers smaller distance than 802.11b (operating range is smaller because it works at a higher frequency
53
Characteristics of WPA2 in Enterprise mode
IEEE 802.1X or preshared keys for access control, EAP or preshared keys for authentication, AES in counter mode with CCMP for encryption
54
EAP
Extensible Authentication Protocol
55
AES
Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm
56
CCMP
CBC-MAC Protocol
57
Characteristics of Li-Fi networks
Low latency, support for high client densities, constrained coverage area, can work on the infrared spectrum
58
Latency
delay in data transfer
59
security of a ZigBee system
using a Trust Center to centrally authenticate devices and securely manage encryption keys which are 128 bits. Without a Trust Center, the Symmetric-Key Key Establishment (SKKE) protocol can be used to derive keys, but this approach is not as secure.
60
bluesnarfing
attacker can read, modify, or delete calendar events, contacts, emails, texts
61
bluejacking
Bluetooth attack; someone sending an unsolicited message to a device
62
IEEE 802.1X standard covers ...
access control protocol that can be implemented on both wired and wireless for user authentication and key distribution
63
MFP covered in ...
Management Frame Protection is covered in 802.11w
64
WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2) covered in ...
802.11i standard
65
Disadvantages of satellite networks compared to terrestrial ones
More expensive, higher latencies, not well suited for time-sensitive applications like voice and video conferencing
66
Challenges of switching from WPA2 Personal mode to Enterprise mode
Embedded and IIoT devices do not support Enterprise mode and would have to be replaced, so the return on investment is insufficient
67
If a WAP supports WPA2, it would do so in ... or ... mode
either Personal or Enterprise mode with no need for additional licensing
68
WAP supports WPA2 as long as it can be connected to ...
the needed backend services (e.g., a RADIUS server)

CISSP (29 decks)

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