Chapter 13 Flashcards
Signs?
-Objective data as perceived by the examiner
-Can be seen, heard, and measured and can be verified by more than one person
-Examples: rashes, altered vital signs, visible drainage or exudate -Lab results, diagnostic imaging, and other studies
Symptoms?
-Subjective data Perceived by the patient
-Examples: pain , nausea, vertigo , and anxiety -Nurse unaware of symptoms unless the patient describes the sensation
Disease?
-It is any disturbance of a structure or function of the body; a pathologic condition of the body is
-recognized by a set of signs and symptoms
-Signs and symptoms are clustered in groups to help the health care provider to make a medical diagnosis
Origins of disease example?
- Disease or illness originates from many causes: hereditary, congenital inflammatory, degenerative, infectious , deficiency, metabolic, neoplastic traumatic, and environmental
Unknown etiology?
Diseases that have no apparent cause
look photo 1 physical assignment
ch 13
Chronic?
Are defined broadly as conditions that last 1 year or more and require ongoing medical attention or limit activities of daily living or both.
Remission?
The reduction or disappearance of the signs and symptoms of a disease or the period in which diminution occurs.
Acute?
A disease or disorder that lasts a short time, comes on rapidly, and is accompanied by distinct symptoms
Organic disease definition ?
any health condition in which there is an observable and measurable disease process, such as inflammation or tissue damage
-An organic disease is one that can be validated and quantified through the standardized biological measures known as biomarkers
Functional disease?
any condition that results from the abnormal function of cells, tissues, and organs and not the abnormal structure of cells, tissues, and organs.
are the body is letting go through
What is the difference between and infection and an inflammation?
–Infection- invasion of the body by a microorganism
-Inflammation - the body’s response to an invasion or trauma
Three things happen when an organism enters the body ?:
- Body will eliminate the pathogen
- The pathogen will reside without disease
- The pathogen will cause an infectious disease
Inflammation?
Protective response of the body tissues to irritation, injury, or invasion by disease producing organisms
What are the 5 Cardinal Signs of Inflammation?
-Heat
Erythema (Redness)
(increase blood flow are)
Edema-(Swelling)
Purulent -drainage pus and loss of function
Pain
Infection?
Caused by an invasion of microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that produce tissue damage
Physical assessment Prepare?
-bring all the item -Nurse also makes use of the senses of touch , smell, sight, and hearing
-Always wash your hands before beginning assessment
-Documentation of the interview and assessment is necessary utilizing facility forms
-Telephone consultation
Virus ?
-Causes viral infections
-Common cold, flu , chicken pox
-Contagious
-Can spread throughout the body
-Cannot be treated with antibiotics
Bacteria?
-Causes bacterial infections
-Strep throat,pneumonia, urinary tract infection
-Sometimes contagious
-Stays in one part of the body
-Can be treated with antibioitcs
Risk Factors for Development
of Disease
-A risk factor is any situation, habit, environmental condition, genetic predisposition, physiologic condition, or other that increases the vulnerability of an individual or a group to illness or accident
-Risk factors do not necessarily mean that a person will
develop a disease condition, only that the chances of disease are increased
-Genetic and physiologic, age, environment, and lifestyle
Assessment?
Process of making an evaluation or appraisal of the patient’s condition
Medical assessment?
Physical examination is conducted by the health care provider
The nurse is often expected to carry out certain functions
Physical assessment item needed ? * choose all apply *
penlight, stethoscope, blood pressure cuff, thermometer, gloves, and a tongue blade
Equipment and Supplies physical in general?
-preparing the exam room
-assist with equipment
-preparing the patient
-collect specimens