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Diag & Eval Speech Lang Path > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

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1
Q

Categories of voice disorders include

A

Functional disorders, neurogenic disorders, psychogenic disorders

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2
Q

result from vocal misuse or abuse: vocal nodules, contact ulcers, granulomas

A

Functional disorders

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3
Q

damage to the nervous system. Partial/complete vocal fold paralysis and voice-Parkinson’s Disease and ALS.

A

Neurogenic disorders

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4
Q

result from psychological and emotional conflict, such as extreme stress or anxiety- may include tense voice or aphonia

A

Psychogenic disorders

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5
Q

tense voice or aphonia are example of ____ disorder

A

Psychogenic disorders

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6
Q

Partial/complete vocal fold paralysis and voice-Parkinson’s Disease and ALS are examples of z____ disorders

A

Neurogenic disorders

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7
Q

vocal nodules, contact ulcers, granulomas are examples of ___ disorders

A

Functional disorders

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8
Q

During a screening, you must listen for _____, _____,and ____

A

Quality, pitch, and intensity (loudness)

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9
Q

The following is used to conduct a screening:

A
  1. Imitate words or phrases
  2. Count to 20
  3. Recite alphabet
  4. Read short passage
  5. Conversational speech sample
  6. Vowel prolongation
  7. Sustain s/z
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10
Q

Client perception includes

A

Voice Handicap Index (VHI)

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11
Q

Perceptual and Instrumental Exam goes over

A

Pitch, Intensity, Vocal Quality, Vocal Habits, Resonance, Respiratory Support, Posture, Tension & other behaviors

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12
Q

the average pitch that the patient uses during speaking and reading

A

Fundamental frequency - habitual pitch

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13
Q

In perpetual and instrument exam,to examine pitch you must look at

A
  • Fundamental frequency- Habitual pitch
  • Pitch Range
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14
Q

For pitch range calculate the ________

A

Calculate highest/lowest pitch (aaaahhhh) glissando up and down

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15
Q

In the perceptual and instrumental exam, for intensity, you must

A

Measure in decibels &
Vary loudness

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16
Q

To measure intensity, have the client ____

A

Whisper, speak softly, speak loudly, shout
Counting with increasing intensity

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17
Q

In the perceptual and instrument exam, for vocal quality,

A

Conduct a CAPE-V (Consensus Auditory- Perceptual Evaluation of Voice)

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18
Q

The CAPE_V goes over:

A
  1. Overall severity
  2. Roughness
  3. Breathiness
  4. Strain
  5. Pitch
  6. Loudness
  7. Additional- Diplophonia, vocal fry, falsetto, asthenia, aphonia, pitch instability, tremor, wet/gurgling voice
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19
Q

During respiratory support for speech, observe:

A
  1. Conversational speech
  2. Taking a deep breath
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20
Q

During respiratory support for speech, look for:

A
  1. Tension
  2. Shallow inhalation
  3. Noisy Inhalation
  4. Mouth Breathing
  5. Running out of air
  6. Weak voice
  7. Fatigue
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21
Q

Determine how well the vocal folds close, open and vibrate. This is known as

A

Maximum phonation time

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22
Q

The first step in maximum phonation time is

A

Ask the patient to sustain a vowel

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23
Q

In maximum phonation time, after asking the patient to sustain a vowel, then-

A

Time the length of the production

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24
Q

In maximum phonation time, after timing the length of production, then-

A

Repeat 2x and record the longest

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25
Typically the maximum phonation time for males is
25-35 sec
26
Typically the maximum phonation time for females is
15-25 sec
27
Typically the length of concern for maximum phonation time is
less than 10 secs
28
Assess respiratory and phonatory efficiency. This is known as
S/z ratio
29
_____ is an indicator of laryngeal pathology
S/Z ratio
30
The first step in S/Z ratio is
To ask the patient to sustain /s/ - time it 2x
31
The second step in S/Z ratio is to
Ask the patient to substain /Z/ - time it 2X
32
The third step in S/Z ratio is
Divide the longest /S/ by the longest /Z/
33
Exalting full steps of S/Z ratio
Ask the patient to sustain /s/- Time it 2x Ask the patient to sustain /z/- Time it 2x Divide the longest /s/ by the longest /z/
34
Normal S/Z ratio results are
Normal = 1.0 ratio
35
Typically the results for S/z ratio in children is
10 secs for children
36
Typically the results of s/z ratio for adults is
20-25 secs for adults
37
Laryngeal pathology results of s/z ratio are
Laryngeal pathology = >1.0
38
Laryngeal pathology occurs when
A. Normal duration of /s/ B. Reduced duration of /z/
39
Respiratory Inefficiency results for s/z ratio is
Respiratory Inefficiency = 1.0
40
Respiratory inefficiency occurs when
Reduced duration for both sounds
41
What the the three types of results for s/z ratio
Normal Laryngeal pathology Respiratory inefficiency
42
instrument that measures aerodynamic properties of speech: sound pressure levels, air flow and air pressure
Aerophone
43
complete hardware and software system for acoustic analysis of aspects of voice, speech and fluency
Computerized speech lab
44
fiberoptic tube fitted with a light and camera that can be directed into the oral cavity for visual viewing of the larynx
Digital endoscope
45
Assessment hardware and software types
Pair with perceptual assessment Aerophone Computerized speech lab Digital Endoscope Apps available
46
Faulty sound vibration in the oral, nasal and or pharyngeal cavities
Assessment of resonance
47
too much vibration during vowels and voiced oral consonants
Hypernasality
48
During nasal emisssion, air escapes through the _____ during speech
Nose
49
Audible nasal emission on certain sounds /s/ and /z/.
Phoneme specific velopharyngeal dysfunction
50
too little sound vibration in the nasal cavity /m/ sounds like /b/
Hyponasality
51
airflow in the oral cavity is obstructed, often by enlarged tonsils, resulting in muffled quality
Cul-de-sac resonance
52
Some disorders of resonance are due to incomplete closure of the velopharyngeal port. These include:
Hypernasality Nasal emission Phonemic specific velopharangeal dysfunction
53
Other disorders of resonance are due to a physical obstruction. These include:
Hypernasality Cul-de-sac resonance
54
Made from a piece of bendy straw or piece of tubing. This is known as ____
Nasal listening tube
55
The first step in nasal listening tube is
Place one end in your ear and the other end at the client’s nostril
56
The second step for nasal listening tube is -
Ask the client to speak or perform a speech task
57
To conduct a nasal listening tube test you must
1. Place one end in your ear and the other end at the client’s nostril 2. Ask the client to speak or perform a speech task
58
If the nasal listen tube reveals that the clinician hears sound during the production of vowels or plosives. This is known as which disorder
Hypernasality
59
If the nasal listening tube reveals minimal to no sound during production of nasal speech, this is known as ____
Hyponasality/ curl-de-sac
60
In order to assess velopharayngeal function (VPF) you must
1. Gently pinch the client’s nose 2. Ask him/her to repeat some of the non-nasal sentences containing pressure consonants
61
In order to assess Hyponasality, you must
Repeat words or phrases with multiple nasal sounds
62
The removal of all or parts of the larynx
Laryngectomy
63
Assessment of alaryngeal clients includes
Anatomical changes Respiratory/vocal changes Preoperative and postoperative consultation
64
Assess of alaryngeal client for preopertaive consultation
1. What they know 2. New mode of communication 3. Family support 4. Support Groups 5. Rehabilitated Laryngeal speaker present 6. Provide printed information 7. Informal assessment of cognition, speech, language etc.
65
Assessment of alaryngeal clients postoperative consultation
1. Review Pre-operative discussion 2. Discuss alaryngeal communication systems A. Artificial larynx- electronic or mechanical instrument that provides sound source as speech is shaped by the articulators B. Esophageal speech- the speaker takes in air through the mouth traps it in the throat and releases it back through the mouth. It is hard to master C. Tracheoesophageal puncture
66
electronic or mechanical instrument that provides sound source as speech is shaped by the articulators
Artificial larynx
67
the speaker takes in air through the mouth traps it in the throat and releases it back through the mouth. It is hard to master
Esophageal speech
68
Three types of alaryngeal communication systems
Artificial larynx Esophageal speech Tracheoesophageal

Diag & Eval Speech Lang Path (14 decks)

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