Chapter 13 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the three most common acids?
HCL, H2SO4, HNO3.
What are 5 general properties of acids?
- Change the colour of some indicators
- Tend to be corrosive
- Taste sour
- React with bases
- Have a relatively high pH
What are 5 properties of bases?
- Turn litmus blue
- Have a slippery feel
- Are caustic
- React with acids
- Have a relatively high pH
What are 4 safety instructions for acids and bases?
- Wear safety glasses
- Wear a laboratory coat
- Label bottles and containers
- When diluting acids, add the acid to the water (not the water to the acid)
What are indicators?
A substance that has different colours in its acid and base form.
What are common indicators?
Often extracted from plant dyes, some plant extracts.
What are three common indicators?
Methyl orange, phenolphthalein, litmus.
Why were acids originally grouped together?
Because they shared similar properties.
What are indicators used to do and why?
They are used to identify acids and bases because most are clear or colourless.
What do acid and metal reactions usually produce?
A metal salt and hydrogen gas.
What does the term metal salt refer to?
A compound derived from an acid not just a table salt such as sodium chloride.
What are salt compounds made of usually?
A metal cation and a non metal anion.
What dies a acid and a reactive metal produce?
Salt and hydrogen.
What does an acid and a metal hydroxide produce?
Salt and water.
What does and acid and metal oxide produce?
Salt and water.
What does an acid and metal carbonate produce?
A salt and water and carbon dioxide.
What does an acid and metal hydrogen carbonate produce?
A salt and water and carbon dioxide.
What does an acidic oxide (non metal oxide) and a base produce?
A salt and water.
What are three examples of reactive metals?
Ca, Mg, K
What are three examples of hydroxides?
NaOH, Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2
What are three examples of metal oxides?
Na2O, MgO, CaO
What are three examples of metal carbonates?
Na2CO3, MgCO3, CaCO3
What are three examples of metal hydrogen carbonates?
NaHCO3, KHCO3, Ca(HCO3)2
What are four examples of acidic oxides?
SO2, SO3, CO2, P4010
