Chapter 13

Question 1

Displayed Workers

Answer 1

Individuals who are unemployed because their jobs have disappeared

Question 2

dual–earner households

Answer 2

dual–earner households

Households in which both partners are employed

Question 3

industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology

Answer 3

industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology

The study of human behavior in the workplace

Question 4

glass ceiling

Answer 4

glass ceiling
An invisible barrier that prevents most women and ethnic minorities from advancing to the highest levels of an occupation

Question 5

Labor Force

Answer 5

All people who are employed as well as those who are currently unemployed but are looking for work

Question 6

Leisure

Answer 6

Unpaid activities one chooses to engage in because they are personally meaningful.

Question 7

occupational interest inventories

Answer 7

occupational interest inventories

Tests that measure one’s interests as they relate to various jobs or careers

Question 8

Sexual Harassment

Answer 8

The subjection of individuals to unwelcome sexually oriented behavior.

Question 9

Token

Answer 9

A symbol of all the members of a group.

Question 10

underemployment

Answer 10

Settling for a job that does not fully utilize one’s skills, abilities, and training.

Question 11

Work

Answer 11

An activity that produces something of value for others

Question 12

Work-family Conflict

Answer 12

The feeling of being pulled in multiple directions by competing demands from job and family

Question 13

Workforce

Answer 13

All people who are employed as well as those who are currently unemployed but are looking for work. Also See labor force.

Question 14

Which leisure activity is negatively related to perceived well-being?

a. Chat-room surfing

b. Competitive sports	
c. Non-competitive sports	
d. Television viewing

Answer 14

D

Question 15

Women’s vocational development is different from men’s primarily because:

a. men tend to be better trained for gender-neutral jobs.

b. women are less likely to experience labor force discontinuity.	
c. women often subordinate their career goals to those of their husbands.	
d. women with children one year old or younger generally don't work outside the home.

Answer 15

C

Question 16

A good way to increase your chances of being invited to a job interview is to:

a. write a cover letter that shows you have researched the organization.

b. write a lengthy résumé with details about your experiences.	
c. call the human resources department repeatedly.	
d. do all of these.

Answer 16

A

Question 17

Maria is uncomfortable in her job as a policewoman because her coworkers tell crude sexual jokes and hang centerfold pinups in the break room at the station. She is experiencing:

a. quid pro quo hostility.

b. hostile environmental harassment.	
c. job segregation.	
d. employer-sponsored hostility

Answer 17

B

Question 18

The Occupational Outlook Handbook includes all of the following except:

a. salaries.

b. education requirements.	
c. employer listings.	
d. job descriptions.

Answer 18

C

Question 19

Jobs with ________ are considered the most stressful.

a. low psychological demands and high decision control

b. high psychological demands and high decision control	
c. low psychological demands and low decision control	
d. high psychological demands and low decision control

Answer 19

D

Question 20

According to Super’s developmental model of career choice, decisions about work and career reflect:

a. societal and parental pressure to succeed.

b. people's educational attainment prior to entering the workforce.	
c. people's attempts to express their self-concept and changing views of themselves.	
d. aspirations to attain lifestyles consistent with their interests

Answer 20

C

Question 21

________ is the study of human behavior in the workplace.

a. Workforce psychology

b. Industrial/organizational psychology	
c. Career-work environment psychology	
d. Business psychology

Answer 21

B

Question 22

Which of the following statements about vocational choice is NOT accurate?

a. There are no limits on your career options.

b. Some career decisions are not easily undone.	
c. You have the potential for success in a variety of jobs.	
d. Vocational development will continue throughout your lifetime.

Answer 22

A

Question 23

According to Holland’s model of career choice, a clinical psychologist would probably be considered ________ type.

a. an artistic

b. a realistic	
c. an investigative	
d. a conventional

Answer 23

C

Question 24

Jason, a minority group member, feels that his coworkers see him as a ________ worker; consequently, he is likely to experience more ________ pressure than the typical white male.

a. minority; stress

b. token; performance	
c. minority; performance	
d. token; stress

Answer 24

B

Question 25

According to Holland's theory of vocational choice: a. we are unlikely to be satisfied with our first "real" job. b. we seek a work environment that fits our personality. c. career choice is determined primarily by our ability to adapt. d. occupational development is a process that begins in childhood

Answer 25

B

Question 26

In 1970, approximately ________ % of married women worked. While in 2005, approximately ________ % of married women worked. a. 40; 60 b. 60; 40 c. 60; 80 d. 80; 60

Answer 26

A

Question 27

The United States, like many other industrialized nations, is shifting toward: a. a shorter work day but longer work week. b. a manufacturing or goods-producing economy. c. a bartering economy. d. a service-based economy.

Answer 27

D

Question 28

Individuals career choices are often: A. Much higher in status than those of their parents B. Similar to those of their parents C. Much lower in status than those of their parents D. unrelated to their family background

Answer 28

B

Question 29

Findings on education and earnings show that: A. at all levels of education, men earn more than women. b. at all levels of education, women earn more than men C. there are no gender differences in education and earnings D. there is no relationship between education and earnings.

Answer 29

A

Question 30

Occupational interest inventories are designed to predict A. How successful an individual is likely to be in a job B. how long a person will stay in a career C. how satisfied a person is likely to be in a job D. all of the above

Answer 30

C

Question 31

Hollands theory of occupational choices emphasizes: a. the role of self-esteem in job choice b. the unfolding of career interests over time. c. parental influences and job choice d. matching personality traits and job environments

Answer 31

D

Question 32

Which of the following is not a work related trend? a. Technology is changing the nature of work b. New work attitudes are required c. Most new jobs will be in the manufacturing sector d. Lifelong learning is a necessity

Answer 32

C

Question 33

When there is only one woman or minority person in a workplace setting, that person becomes a symbol of his or her group and is referred as a: a. token b. scapegoat c. sex object d. protected species

Answer 33

A

Question 34

``` Job stress has been found to lead to all but one of the following negative effects. Which one? a. Burnout B. Bipolar disorder C. high blood pressure D. Anxiety ```

Answer 34

B

Question 35

According to law, the two types of sexual harassment are a. quid pro quo and environmental b. legal and illegal c. caveat emptor and confrontational d. industrial and organizational

Answer 35

A

Question 36

Compared to European workers, American workers recieve: a. much less paid vacation time b. about the same amount of paid vacation time c. much more paid vacation time but less sick leave d. much more paid vacation time and more sick leave

Answer 36

A

Question 37

Which of the following is a good tip for preparing an effective resume? a. Make your resume as long as possible b. Use complete sentences c. Keep it short d. Provide a lot of personal information

Answer 37

C