Chapter 13 Flashcards

(39 cards)

1
Q

Reagents for deprotonating alcohols - to produce H2 gas

A

strong base

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2
Q

Reagents for deprotonating alcohols - to produce alkoxide ion

A

Li or
Na or
K

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3
Q

Factors affecting acidity of alcohols

A

resonance
induction
solvation effect

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4
Q

Factors affecting acidity of alcohols - resonance

A

resonance structures makes it more acidic

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5
Q

Factors affecting acidity of alcohols - induction

A

electron withdrawing of electronegative atoms increases stability, making more acidic

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6
Q

Factors affecting acidity of alcohols - solvation effects

A

sterically hindered solutions arent stabilised, so less acidic

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7
Q

Preparation of alcohols

A

made by substitution reactions

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8
Q

Preparation of alcohols - primary substrate

A

NaOH

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9
Q

Preparation of alcohols - tertiary substrates

A

H2O

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10
Q

Preparation of alcohols - secondary substrates

A

neither SN1 or SN2 is effective

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11
Q

Alcohol preparation from alkene - acid catalysed - reagents

A

dilute H2SO4

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12
Q

Alcohol preparation from alkene - acid catalysed

A

most substituted

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13
Q

Alcohol preparation from alkene - oxymercuration demurcation - reagents

A

Hg(OAc)
H2O
NaBH4

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14
Q

Alcohol preparation from alkene - oxymercuration demurcation

A

most substituted

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15
Q

Alcohol preparation from alkene - hydroboration - reagents

A

BH3.THF

H2O2 NaOH

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16
Q

Alcohol preparation from alkene - hydroboration

A

less substituted

17
Q

Preparation of alcohols via reduction

A

decreases oxidation state

reduces ketone or aldehyde to alcohol

18
Q

Preparation of alcohols via reduction - reagent 1

A

H2

Pt,Pd or Ni

19
Q

Preparation of alcohols via reduction - reagent 2

A

NaBH4

H2O, MeOH or EtOH

20
Q

Preparation of alcohols via reduction - reagent 3

A

1) LAH

2) H2O

21
Q

NaBH4 and LAH - double bonds

A

will not reduce the double bond

22
Q

LAH

A

will react with an ester or COOH to produce alcohol

23
Q

Diols preparation

A

prepared by excess reduction reagents or dihydroxylation of alkene

24
Q

Dihydroxylation of alkene - syn- reagents

25
Dihydroxylation of alkene - anti- reagents
RCO3H | H3O+
26
Grignard reagant
formed by reaction between alkyl halide and Mg involves introduction of R group cant be formed in presence of OH on the chain already
27
Grignard reaction - reagents
1) R-Mg-Br | 2) H2O
28
SN1 reactions with alcohols -
tertiary alcohols undergo substution when treated with hydrogen halide racemixture
29
SN2 reactions with alcohol
primary and secondary will undergo substitution reactions | gives inversion of configuration
30
SN2 reagents - primary alcohols
HBr | HCL, ZnCl2
31
SN2 reagents - tosylate
alcohols can be converted to tosylate followed by nucleophilic attack TsCl Pyridine
32
SN2 reagents - primary and secondary
SOCl2 and pyridine | PBr3
33
E1 and E2 reactions with alcohols
undergo elimination in acidic conditions
34
E1 and E2 reactions with alcohols - reagents
H2SO4 | heat
35
Oxidations of alcohol - primary
produces aldehyde then COOH
36
Oxidations of alcohol - secondary
produces ketone
37
Oxidations of alcohol - tertiary
doesnt undergo oxidation
38
Oxidations of alcohol - reagents
H2Cr2O4
39
Oxidations of alcohol - to produce aldehydes
PCC | CH2CL2