Chapter 13: Motivating for Performance

Question 1

motivation

Answer 1

forces that energize, direct, and sustain a person’s efforts

Question 2

goal-setting theory

Answer 2

ppl have conscious goals that energize them and direct their thoughts and behaviors toward a particular end

Question 3

stretch goals

Answer 3

exceptionally demanding targets, vertical or horizontal

Question 4

organizational behavior modification

Answer 4

reinforcement theory

Question 5

thorndike’s law of effect

Answer 5

behavior followed bu positive consequences…likely to be repeated

Question 6

positive reinforcement

Answer 6

applying valued consequences

Question 7

negative reinforcement

Answer 7

removing/withholding unwanted consequences

Question 8

punishment

Answer 8

applying aversive consequence

Question 9

extinction

Answer 9

Withdrawing/failing to provide a reinforcing consequence

Question 10

vroom’s expectancy theory

Answer 10

ppl will behave based on perceived likelihood that their effort will lead to a certain outcome and on how highly they value that outcome

Question 11

E —>P

Answer 11

expectancy….will my effort lead to performance

Question 12

P—->O

Answer 12

instrumentality….will the performance lead to the reward

Question 13

valence

Answer 13

is the reward something that I value?

Question 14

Maslow’s need hierarchy

Answer 14

(top to bottom)
Self-actualization
ego
social
safety
physiological

Question 15

aldermen ERG

Answer 15

existence, relatedness, growth

Question 16

McClelland’s three needs

Answer 16

achievement, affiliation, power

Question 17

need for achievement

Answer 17

accomplish goals and achieve success

Question 18

need for affiliation

Answer 18

desired to be liked by others

Question 19

need for power

Answer 19

desire to influence/control others

Question 20

J. Sterling Livingston

Answer 20

ppl with high need for power tend to make the most effective leaders

Question 21

two types of rewards

Answer 21

extrinsic

intrinsic

Question 22

extrinsic rewards

Answer 22

given by others, such as a boss

Question 23

intrinsic rewards

Answer 23

derived by job itself

Question 24

job rotation

Answer 24

one routine task to another, intended to alleviate boredom

Question 25

job enlargement

Answer 25

additional tasks are provided to a job

Question 26

job enrichment

Answer 26

job is redesigned w/ higher level of responsibility

Question 27

herzberg's 2 factor theory

Answer 27

ppl's work motivation | ppl's work satisfaction

Question 28

whats the first approach to job enrichment

Answer 28

herzberg's 2 factors

Question 29

herzberg's hygiene factors

Answer 29

company policies, working conditions, pay, co-workers

Question 30

herzberg's motivating factors

Answer 30

nature of work, job responsibilities, growth opportunity

Question 31

hackman and oldham (TTFAGS)

Answer 31

``` task identity task significance feedback autonomy growth skill variety ```

Question 32

skill variety

Answer 32

different job activities w/ several skills/talents

Question 33

task identity

Answer 33

completion of a whole, identifiable piece of work

Question 34

task of significance

Answer 34

important, positive impact on the lives of others

Question 35

autonomy

Answer 35

independence and discretion in making decisions

Question 36

feedback

Answer 36

information about job performance

Question 37

growth

Answer 37

degree to which individuals want personal and psychological development

Question 38

J. Stacey Adams' equity theory

Answer 38

comparing inputs vs outputs

Question 39

procedural justice

Answer 39

is there a fair process in decision making

Question 40

psychological contract

Answer 40

what employees owe employers and what employers owe employees