Chapter 13 (section 4 & short answers)

Question 1

settlers of Spanish or Mexican descent who populated California

Answer 1

Californios

Question 2

a prosperous Californio who lost a lot of property after American settlement

Answer 2

Mariano Vallejo

Question 3

carpenter who discovered gold in California in 1848

Answer 3

James Marshall

Question 4

migration of thousands of settlers to California in search of gold

Answer 4

California gold rush

Question 5

movement of people from one country of locality to another

Answer 5

migration

Question 6

Name and explain 3 vocab words from the 19th Century

Answer 6

Belly Timber - food
The pock - small pox
Skirts - outskirts
Tattle - gossip
Elbow relation - distant relation

Question 7

Panning

Answer 7

miner took sample of pay dirt and added water, sloshed it around in search of gold

Question 8

Cradling

Answer 8

Rocked the gold and pay dirt, if gold was found it would trap between the wooden strips lining the bottom

Question 9

Long Tomming

Answer 9

Pay dirt shoveled in, water washed away lighter dirt leaving the gold at the bottom

Question 10

Dry Washing

Answer 10

pay dirt shoveled into blanket, 2 people hold blanket and tossed the pay dirt into the air. The lighter dirt would blow away and gold would be left in blanket

Question 11

Coyoting

Answer 11

dug hole straight into ground, one guy in hole putting dirt in basket, another one pulled it up. Used for harder gold

Question 12

Hydraulic Mining

Answer 12

high water pressure ran against high spots down to lower ones, dirt flowed down, heavier gold was caught

Question 13

person to went to California to find gold in 1849

Answer 13

forty-niner