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Medical Terminology > Chapter 13 Terminologies > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Terminologies Flashcards

1
Q

blood

A

composed of cells and plasma

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2
Q

erythrocytes

A

(originate in bone marrow and contain hemoglobin which carries oxygen)

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3
Q

erythropoietin hormone

A

(from kidney) stimulates production of heme (iron containing pigment) and globin (protein)

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4
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cells

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5
Q

lymphocytes

A

play a role in the immune response. They directly attack foreign matter and make antibodies that neutralize and destroy foreign antigens (bacteria and viruses)

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6
Q

monocyte

A

are phagocytic and dispose of dead and dying cells and other tissue debis

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7
Q

platelets

A

main function is in the clotting process

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8
Q

plasma

A

liquid part of blood contains water, dissolved proteins, sugar, wastes, salts, hormones, and other substances

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9
Q

albumin

A

attracts water from tissues back into bloodstream (affected by sale intake and burns)

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10
Q

globulins

A

alpha, beta, and gamma

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11
Q

fibrinogen and prothrombim

A

involved in clotting

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12
Q

gamma globulin (immunoglonulins)

A

which are antibodies that bind and sometimes destroy antigens

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13
Q

-aphresis

A

removal, carrying away

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14
Q

-phoresis

A

removal, carrying away

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15
Q

hemo/lysis

A

breakdown of red blood cless

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16
Q

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

A

excessive clotting

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17
Q

bas/o

A

base

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18
Q

chom/o

A

color

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19
Q

coagul/o

A

clotting

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20
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

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21
Q

eosin/o

A

red, dawn, rosy

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22
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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23
Q

granul/o

A

granules

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24
Q

hem/o, hemat/o

A

blood

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25
hemonglobin/o
hemoglobin
26
kary/o
nucleus
27
leuk/o
white
28
mon/o
one, single
29
morph/o
shape
30
myel/o
bone marrow, spinal cord
31
neutr/o
neutrophil
32
nucle/o
nucleus
33
phag/o
swallow, to eat
34
poikil/o
varried, irregular
35
sider/o
iron
36
spher/o
globe, round
37
thromb/o
clot
38
-blast
immature
39
-cytosis
increase in # of cells
40
-emia
blood condition
41
-gen
producing
42
-globin
protein
43
-globulin
plasma protein
44
-lytic
pertaining to destruction
45
-oid
resembling
46
-osis
increased # , condition
47
-penia
decreased in #, deficient
48
-phage
eat, swallow
49
-philia
attraction for
50
-phoresis
carrying, transmission
51
-poiesis
formation
52
-stasis
stopping
53
anemia
deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin
54
aplastic anemia
failure of blood cell production in bone marrow
55
hemolytic anemia
reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction
56
pernicious anemia
lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12
57
sickle cell anemia
abnormal hemoglobin reducing sickle-shaped RBCs and hemolysis
58
thalassemia
abnormal hemoglobin production leading to hypochromia
59
hemochromatosis
excess iron deposits throughout the body (can be hereditary)
60
polycythemia vera
general increase in red blood cells resulting in "thick blood"
61
hemophilia
excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of factors VII and IX blood (trait is carried on the "X" chromosome)
62
leukemia
increase in cancerous white blood cells
63
granulocytosis
abnormal increase in granulocytes in blood
64
mononucleosis
infectious disease marked by increased numbers of mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cerical lymph nodes
65
multiple myeloma
malignant neoplasm of bone marrow
66
aphresis
separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from blood
67
blood tranfusion
whole blood or red cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient
68
leukapheresis
removal of large numbers of white blood cells and returns red cells, platelets, and plasma to the patient
69
bone marrow aspiration
removal of bone marrow for examining under a microscope
70
bone marrow biopsy
solid piece of bone marrow (biopsy sample) in extracted through a needle
71
cyt/o/logy
study of cells
72
hemo/stasis
control/stopping of blood
73
hypo/chrom/ic
pertaining to less than normal color
74
macro/phage
large "eating"
75
pan/cyt/o/penia
decrease in the number of all cells
76
poikil/o/cytosis
increase in irregular cells
77
thromb/o/cyt/o/penia
decrease in clotting cells
78
dyscrasia
any blood abnormality
79
hematocrit
percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood
80
relapse
return of signs of disease
81
remision
absence of signs of disease

Medical Terminology (20 decks)

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