Chapter 14

Question 1

Four natural sources of drugs..

Answer 1

Plants, animals, minerals, microbiologic sources

Question 2

Drugs used to prevent diseases

Answer 2

Prevention

Question 3

Drugs that relieve the symptoms while the body fights off disease

Answer 3

Treatment

Question 4

Drugs that eliminate the disease

Answer 4

Cure

Question 5

Drugs that do not cure or treat the disease but improve the quality of life

Answer 5

Palliation or Palliative

Question 6

Sometimes ( ) are needed to achieve the therapeutic effect

Answer 6

Multiple doses

Question 7

The provider may prescribe a higher initial dose for some medications, called a

Answer 7

Loading dose

Question 8

This main drug action slows down the cell’s activity

Answer 8

Depressing

Question 9

In this drug action, substances required by the body can be given as medications

Answer 9

Replacing substances

Question 10

Name four factors influencing drug action..

Answer 10

Age, sex, diseases, diet

Question 11

A series of chemical processes whereby enzymes change drugs in the body

Answer 11

Metabolism

Question 12

Most drug metabolism occurs in the( ). Blank children, blank adults, and those with blank may have problems metabolizing medications.

Answer 12

Liver, younger, older, liver disease

Question 13

The movement of absorbed drugs from the blood to the body tissues is called

Answer 13

Distribution

Question 14

The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body

Answer 14

Pharmacokinetics

Question 15

BLANK is the movement of metabolites out of the body. Most drugs are excreted through the BLANK and BLANK.

Answer 15

Excretion, large intestine, kidneys

Question 16

Fastest way drugs are absorbed

Answer 16

Intravenous (IV)

Question 17

PO

Answer 17

Oral (taken by mouth)

Question 18

SL

Answer 18

Sublingual ( placed under the tongue to dissolve)

Question 19

Buccal

Answer 19

Place between the cheek and the gums

Question 20

SUBQ or SC

Answer 20

Subcutaneous

Question 21

Subcutaneous

Answer 21

Injected just below the skin; moves into the capillaries or the lymphatic vessels and is brought to the bloodstream

Question 22

IV (intravenous)

Answer 22

Injected directly into the bloodstream

Question 23

Lost four factors influencing absorption

Answer 23

Route, blood flow to the absorption area, conditions at the site of the absorption, ability of the medication to be absorbed

Question 24

One drug reduces or blocks the effect of another drug.

Answer 24

Antagonism

Question 25

The combined effect of two drugs used together is greater than the sum of each drug’s effect

Answer 25

Synergism

Question 26

A type of synergism. One drug increases the effect of the second drug

Answer 26

Potentiation

Question 27

A common adverse reaction. A peculiar response to a certain drug. For example, when Benadryl is given to children they get extremely agitated

Answer 27

Idiosyncrasy

Question 28

A common adverse reaction. Extreme hypersensitivity to a certain drug that can cause life-threatening symptoms, including swelling of the mouth and airway, difficulty breathing, wheezing, loss of consciousness and death

Answer 28

Anaphylaxis

Question 29

A common adverse reaction. When meds are taken routinely and the prior dose is not completely metabolized and excreted before the next dose is given

Answer 29

Cumulative effect

Question 30

To give a supply of medication that the patient will take later

Answer 30

Dispense

Question 31

Who enforces the CSA (controlled substance act)?

Answer 31

The DEA

Question 32

The DEA number is good for how many years?

Answer 32

3

Question 33

An _____ thins bronchial secretions, making it easier to cough up the mucus

Answer 33

Expectorant

Question 34

A ___ promotes stools

Answer 34

Laxative

Question 35

An ____ prevents the function of platelets (formation of clots)

Answer 35

Anitplatelet

Question 36

A ___ reduces blood clotting abilities

Answer 36

Anticoagulant

Question 37

An ____ , such as _____ treats heart arrhythmias

Answer 37

Antiarrhythmic, digoxin

Question 38

Side effects of an NSAID

Answer 38

GI intolerance, ringing in the ear

Question 39

Conditions or diseases for which the drug is used

Answer 39

Indications

Question 40

Reasons or conditions that make administration of the drug improper or undesirable

Answer 40

Contraindications

Question 41

The time it takes half the drug to be metabolized or eliminated by normal biological processes

Answer 41

Biological half-life

Question 42

The time it takes a drug to produce a response

Answer 42

Onset

Question 43

The time it takes for the drug to reach its greatest effective concentration in the blood

Answer 43

Peak

Question 44

The time during which the drug is present in the blood at great enough levels to produce a response

Answer 44

Duration

Question 45

A solid medication containing the active medication and an antacid

Answer 45

Buffered

Question 46

If the active medication dissolves in the liquid, the medication is a ____.

Answer 46

Solution

Question 47

If the active medication does not dissolve and becomes suspended in the liquid, it is called a _____.

Answer 47

Suspension

Question 48

Medication is administered one time right now

Answer 48

Stat order

Question 49

An order that applies to all patients who meet specific criteria

Answer 49

Standing order

Question 50

All prescriptions need to include what information?

Answer 50

Date of issue, pt info, drug name, drug strength, number of refills

Question 51

IM

Answer 51

Intramuscular

Question 52

ung

Answer 52

Ointment

Question 53

g

Answer 53

Gram

Question 54

gr

Answer 54

Grain

Question 55

gtt(s)

Answer 55

Drop(s)