Chapter 14

Question 1

Adversarial system

Answer 1

A judicial system in which the court of law is a neutral arena where 2 parties argue their differences

Question 2

Appellate jurisdiction

Answer 2

The authority of a court to review decisions made by lower courts

Question 3

Circuit courts of appeals

Answer 3

Courts with appelate jurisdiction that hear appeals from decisions of lower courts

Question 4

Civil law

Answer 4

A law that governs relatioships between individuals

Question 5

Criminal law

Answer 5

A law that defines crimes against public order

Question 6

Concurring opinion

Answer 6

An opinion that agrees with with majority in a supreme court but differs on reasoning

Question 7

Docket

Answer 7

List of potential cases that reach supreme court

Question 8

In forma pauperis

Answer 8

A petition that allows a party to file “as a pauper” and avoid court fees

Question 9

Solictor General

Answer 9

3rd ranking official in dep. of justice

Question 10

Standing

Answer 10

In order to bring a case to cout someone must have suffered harm in some way

Question 11

Original jurisdiction

Answer 11

the authority a court has to hear and decide a case without any appellate review

Question 12

Judicial restraint

Answer 12

Judges strike down actions of the elected branches only if they clearly violate the constitution

Question 13

Stare decisis

Answer 13

The rule of precedent

Question 14

Writ of Certiorari

Answer 14

Formal writ used to bring the case before the SUPREME COURT

Question 15

Law clerks

Answer 15

students who are picked to recodmend cases for justicies

Question 16

Cheif justice

Answer 16

head of fed judiciary, a judge that guides the debate

Question 17

cert pool

Answer 17

law clerks divide up cases and recommend them to justicies

Question 18

rule of four

Answer 18

at least 4 judges have to agree to hear a case

Question 19

judicial activism

Answer 19

proposes that judges should strike down laws that are in consistent with norms and values

Question 20

Disenting opinion

Answer 20

a opinion disagreeing with the majority in a supreme court ruling

Question 21

Majority opinion

Answer 21

an opinion that explains the reasoning of a majority of justices on a court.

Question 22

litmus test

Answer 22

test on a judge on an opinion about a political or moral issue

Question 23

precedent

Answer 23

a decision made on the higher courts that has to be followed by lower/federal courts

Question 24

writ of habeas corpus

Answer 24

a court ordering requiring explanation to a judge why a prisoner is being held in custody

Question 25

judges have to be check by?

Answer 25

senate

Question 26

what is fed 78? (summary)

Answer 26

Life time appointments for judges are necessary to keep them independent and unrilent on popular will, the power of judicial review balances and checks the legislative