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Physics > Chapter 14-18 > Flashcards

Chapter 14-18 Flashcards

1
Q

Owl (Chapter 14)

A

The word computer refers to any general-purpose, stored-program electronic digital computer.

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2
Q

Owl (Chapter 14)

A

Analog refers to a continuously varying quantity; a digital system uses only two values that vary discretely though coding.

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3
Q

Owl (Chapter 14)

A

To encode is to translate from ordinary characters to computer-compatible characters—binary digits.

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4
Q

Owl (Chapter 14)

A

Computer programs are the software of the computer.

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5
Q

Owl (Chapter 14)

A

The electronic circuitry that does the actual computations and the memory that supports this together are called the process.

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6
Q

Owl (Chapter 14)

A

Main memory is the working storage of a computer.

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7
Q

Owl (Chapter 14)

A

Storage is an archival form of memory.

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8
Q

Owl (Chapter 14)

A

Output hardware consists of devices that translate computer information into a form that humans can understand.

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9
Q

Owl (Chapter 14)

A

Teleradiology is the transfer of images and patient reports to remote sites.

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10
Q

Owl (Chapter 14)

A

Input hardware converts data into a form that the computer can use.

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11
Q

Owl (Chapter 15)

A

In the same way that the photographic effect is not fully understood and continues to be studies, so too the physics of PSL is not fully understood.

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12
Q

Owl (Chapter 15)

A

With CR, a darkroom is unnecessary.

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13
Q

Owl (Chapter 15)

A

The diameter of the laser beam affects the spatial resolution of the CR imaging system.

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14
Q

Owl (Chapter 15)

A

Imaging plates should be used soon after the erase cycle has been completed.

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15
Q

Owl (Chapter 15)

A

Small laser beam diameter is critical for ensuring high spatial resolution.

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16
Q

Owl (Chapter 15)

A

Sampling and quantization are the process of analog-to-digital conversion (ADC)

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17
Q

Owl (Chapter 15)

A

A 14-bit CR image has 16,384 gray levels.

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18
Q

Owl (Chapter 15)

A

CR should be performed at lower techniques than screen-film radiography.

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19
Q

Owl (Chapter 16)

A

Digital radiography is more efficient in time, space, and personnel than screen-film radiography.

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20
Q

Owl (Chapter 16)

A

Csl/CCD is an indirect DR process by which x-rays are converted first to light and then to electric signal.

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21
Q

Owl (Chapter 16)

A

The CCD has higher sensitivity for radiation and a much wider dynamic range than screen-film image receptors.

22
Q

Owl (Chapter 16)

A

Csl/a-Si is an indirect DR process by which x-rays are converted first to light and then to electric signal.

23
Q

Owl (Chapter 16)

A

Spatial resolution in DR is pixel limited.

24
Q

Owl (Chapter 16)

A

a-Se is a direct DR process by which x-rays are converted to electric signal.

25
Q

Owl (Chapter 16)

A

Contrast resolution is more important than resolution for soft tissue radiograpy.

26
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Spatial frequency is expressed in line pair per millimeter (lp/mm).

27
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

An imaging system with higher spatial frequency has better spatial resolution.

28
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Spatial resolution in digital imaging is limited by pixel size.

29
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Modulation transfer function can be viewed as the ratio of image to object as a function of spatial frequency.

30
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Imaging system spatial resolution is spatial frequency at 10% MTF.

31
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Dynamic range is the number of gray shades that an imaging system can reproduce.

32
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Postprocessing allows visualization of all shades of gray.

33
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Image noise limits contrast resolution.

34
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Image detail (spatial resolution) is determined by system MTF.

35
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Contrast resolution is limited by noise or SNR.

36
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Spatial resolution in screen film radiography is determined principally by focal spot size.

37
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Contrast resolution is preserved in digital imaging, regardless of dose.

38
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Technique creep should replace dose creep.

39
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

Patient dose in DR should be low because of high DQE.

40
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

DQE is a measure of x-ray absorption efficiency.

41
Q

Owl (Chapter 17)

A

The scatter x-ray beam has lower energy than the primary x-ray beam.

42
Q

Owl (Chapter 18)

A

The basic photometric unit is the lumen.

43
Q

Owl (Chapter 18)

A

The best viewing of a digital display device is straight on.

44
Q

Owl (Chapter 18)

A

AMLCDs are superior to CRT displays.

45
Q

Owl (Chapter 18)

A

Spatial resolution improves with the use of high megapixel digital display devices.

46
Q

Owl (Chapter 18)

A

Aperture ratio is a measure of image luminance of AMLCDs.

47
Q

Owl (Chapter 18)

A

Preprocessing of digital images is largely automatic.

48
Q

Owl (Chapter 18)

A

Postprocessing of digital images requires operator manipulation.

49
Q

Owl (Chapter 18)

A

PACS improves image interpretation, processing, viewing, storage, and recall.

50
Q

Owl (Chapter 18)

A

Clients are interconnected, usually by cable in a building, by telephone or cable television lines among buildings, and by microwave or satellite transmission to remote facilities.

51
Q

Owl (Chapter 18)

A

Just the cost of the hospital space to accommodate a film file room may be sufficient of justify PACS.

Physics (7 decks)

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