Chapter 14

Question 1

Competition between microbes typically harms the host.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which of the following disease progression phases refers to the body recovering to its pre-diseased state?

Answer 2

Period of convalescence

Question 3

List Koch’s postulates.

Answer 3

Pathogen must be presented
Pathogen must be isolated
Pathogen must be infectious
Pathogen must be re-isolated

Question 4

The transmission of an infection using a vector is referred to as _________ if the pathogen reproduces inside the insect.

Answer 4

Biological transmission

Question 5

________ refers to the number of new individuals that have contracted a disease, while ________ refers to the total number of individuals that possess a disease.

Answer 5

Incidence, Prevalence

Question 6

Which of the following terms best describes a disease that develops slowly and lasts for along time?

Answer 6

Chronic

Question 7

Microbes that permanently colonize a host and do not cause disease are referred to as ________, while microbes that cause disease if they colonize a host are referred to as ________ .

Answer 7

normal microbiota, pathogens

Question 8

Which of the following human body regions does Staphylococcus not
permanently colonize?

Answer 8

Large intestine

Question 9

List 3 major disease reservoir categories.

Answer 9

Human
Animal
Non-living

Question 10

Which of the following terms is best to describe the transmission of an infection through contaminated silverware at a restaurant?

Answer 10

Indirect contact transmission

Question 11

Disease constantly present in population

Answer 11

Endemic

Question 12

Disease has extremely high global incidence in short-time

Answer 12

Pandemic

Question 12

Disease has extremely high regional incidence in short-time

Answer 12

Epidemic

Question 13

Disease only occurs occasionally

Answer 13

Sporadic

Question 14

List 3 ways normal microbiotia can benefit their host.

Answer 14

Direct competition
Altering environment
Producing harmful substances

Question 15

Streptococcus is considered normal microbiota.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Both organisms benefit

Answer 16

Mutualism

Question 16

One organism benefits while one organism is unaffected

Answer 16

Commensalism

Question 17

One organism benefits while one organism is harmed

Answer 17

Parasitism

Question 18

List 3 major categories of disease transmission between reservoir and host.

Answer 18

Contact transmission
Vehicle transmission
Vector transmission

Question 19

An invasion of the body by pathogenic microbes is referred to as a(n) _________ .

Answer 19

infection

Question 20

An impairment of normal body functions is referred to as a(n) ________ .

Answer 20

disease

Question 21

All diseases are caused by invading pathogens.

Answer 21

False