Chapter 14 Flashcards
(56 cards)
What are the three main motives for helping others according to Daniel Batson?
reciprocity, kin selection, and social rewards; social rewards, personal distress, and empathic concern; sympathy, reputational advantages, and reciprocity; personal distress, sympathy, and empathic concern.
The correct answer is social rewards, personal distress, and empathic concern.
According to Daniel Batson’s theory, which motive for altruistic action is NOT selfish?
empathic concern.
The correct answer is empathic concern.
What motive is likely behind Stephen’s behavior when he comforts Jenny who is crying?
personal distress.
The correct answer is personal distress.
When we help others for positive attention, we are motivated by ________; when we help because we identify with people in need, we are motivated by ________.
social rewards; empathic concern.
The correct answer is social rewards; empathic concern.
In Batson’s study, what did the results show about high-empathy participants?
high-empathy participants helped more than low-empathy participants, even when helping was anonymous.
The correct answer is high-empathy participants helped more than low-empathy participants, even when helping was anonymous.
What is Talia engaging in when she provides nonmonetary assistance to others without expecting compensation?
volunteerism.
The correct answer is volunteerism.
What did Stephanie Brown’s research find about volunteerism and health?
People who helped others were less likely to die over the course of the study.
The correct answer is People who helped others were less likely to die over the course of the study.
What did Batson’s research find about empathy and volunteering?
people who felt more empathy were more likely to volunteer to alleviate another person’s pain.
The correct answer is people who felt more empathy were more likely to volunteer to alleviate another person’s pain.
Which victim characteristic is unlikely to increase helping?
bleeding.
The correct answer is bleeding.
What is likely to happen if you see smoke in a classroom and no one else reacts?
You are unlikely to report the smoke to the professor for fear of embarrassing yourself in front of the class.
The correct answer is You are unlikely to report the smoke to the professor for fear of embarrassing yourself in front of the class.
Where are you more likely to receive help if your car breaks down at night?
in a town with 1,000 residents than a town with 5,000 residents.
The correct answer is in a town with 1,000 residents than a town with 5,000 residents.
Who is most likely to volunteer to help injured children in the hospital?
Dani, who shows a concerned gaze and a slowing of her heart rate when she learns about the children’s situation.
The correct answer is Dani.
What explains the failure of witnesses to help Kitty Genovese?
a diffusion of responsibility.
The correct answer is a diffusion of responsibility.
In an experiment with smoke in a room, when were participants most likely to report the smoke?
when they were alone.
The correct answer is when they were alone.
What happens as the number of witnesses to a person in trouble increases?
less likely it is that any one person will help the person in need.
The correct answer is less likely it is that any one person will help the person in need.
What did the study find about a ‘victim’ collapsing in a subway car?
the victim was less likely to get help when he was bleeding.
The correct answer is the victim was less likely to get help when he was bleeding.
When are you most likely to help a pedestrian hit by a car?
if there is only one other eyewitness.
The correct answer is if there is only one other eyewitness.
What increases the likelihood of Janet helping someone who cries out on the bus?
if the person yells, ‘Help me!’.
The correct answer is if the person yells, ‘Help me!’.
What should you do to increase the odds of receiving help when in need?
single out a specific person and ask him or her for help.
The correct answer is single out a specific person and ask him or her for help.
What does altruism refer to?
unselfish behavior that benefits others without regard to consequences for the self.
The correct answer is unselfish behavior that benefits others without regard to consequences for the self.
What is an example of bystander intervention?
A group of people who observe a bicycle accident try to help the victim.
The correct answer is A group of people who observe a bicycle accident try to help the victim.
What does diffusion of responsibility entail?
assuming that other people who are present during an emergency will provide help to a victim.
The correct answer is assuming that other people who are present during an emergency will provide help to a victim.
What is pluralistic ignorance?
the phenomenon where eyewitnesses fail to help because they assume nothing is wrong.
The correct answer is the phenomenon where eyewitnesses fail to help because they assume nothing is wrong.
Which action will NOT lead to a greater likelihood of being helped?
staying calm so that you do not alarm passersby.
The correct answer is staying calm so that you do not alarm passersby.
