Chapter 14 Flashcards
(34 cards)
A paleoclimatologist uses _________ in studying Earth’s climate.
carbon dioxide emissions of coal-fired powerplants
recent satellite photos
proxy data
all the above
proxy data
What would cause the ratio of 18O in seawater to increase?
formation of glaciers
increased river discharge
volcanic activity
high temperatures
formation of glaciers
Which is not a form of proxy data?
Incorrect Response
ancient pollen
ice cores
tree rings
ocean temperature
ocean temperature
Oxygen isotope analysis to determine past temperatures can be performed on:
calcium carbonate sediments on the ocean floor
cores of glacial ice
tree rings
a and b
all the above
a and b
calcium carbonate sediments on the ocean floor
cores of glacial ice
The Earth’s atmosphere atmosphere contains:
gases
suspended solid particles
water vapor
all the above
all the above
What is the approximate percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
10%
less than 1%
5%
20%
less than 1%
Compared to the Earth’s radiation, the sun’s is:
primarily in the range of short-wave radio waves
the same
shorter in wavelength
longer in wavelength
shorter in wavelength
Earth’s lower atmosphere is kept warm by:
solar radiation
short-wave radiation
volcanic eruptions
terrestrial radiation
terrestrial radiation
The greenhouse effect gets its name from the florist’s greenhouse, where glass prevents reradiated solar energy from escaping. Glass is transparent to visible waves, and opaque to ultraviolet and infrared. Glass acts as a sort of one-way valve, allowing
infrared light to enter, and preventing visible light from leaving.
Incorrect Response
ultraviolet light to enter, and preventing longer waves from leaving.
infrared light to enter, and preventing short waves from leaving.
visible light to enter, and preventing longer waves from leaving.
visible light to enter, and preventing longer waves from leaving.
The two principal “greenhouse” gases in the atmosphere are:
nitrogen and carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide and methane
water vapor and carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide and oxygen
water vapor and carbon dioxide
What is the main difference between weather and climate?
weather is the study of natural atmospheric conditions, and climate is the study of the human impact on weather
nothing really, the terms are interchangeable
weather is the state of the atmosphere at particular time and place, and climate is the general pattern of weather over a period of years
weather is concerned with the atmosphere, and climate is concerned with deep sea sediments
weather is the state of the atmosphere at particular time and place, and climate is the general pattern of weather over a period of years
What is thought to have caused the “year without summer” in 1816?
changes in the Earth
’
s orbit about the sun
burning of fossil fuels
movements of the lithospheric plates
eruption of an Indonsian volcanoe
eruption of an Indonsian volcanoe
After the 1991 Pinatubo eruption in the Philippines, Earth’s average global temperature dropped 0.5 degrees celsius. What caused this phenomenon?
The eruption added large amounts of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
Sulfur dioxide and other erupted gases formed aerosols in the stratosphere.
Radioactive atoms blown into the atmosphere glowed red as they decayed.
The eruptive cloud destroyed parts of the Earth
’
s protective ozone layer.
Sulfur dioxide and other erupted gases formed aerosols in the stratosphere.
The variability in the energy output of the sun has been suggested as a possible cause of climate change. Which of the following are not true?
physical mechanisms have been recently discovered to explain the link between solar activity and long-term climate change
sunspots numbers seem to vary regularly over a 11 year cycle
some droughts that occur every 22 years coincide with a 22 year magnetic sunspot cycle
sunspot activity has been correlated with temperature changes
physical mechanisms have been recently discovered to explain the link between solar activity and long-term climate change
The Cretaceous Period is thought to be one of the warmest times in Earth history. What is believed to be the cause of the high temperatures?
the great abundance of phytoplankton in Earth
’
s oceans absorbed more incoming solar radiation
sunspots were nonexistent for this period causing an increase in energy output from the sun
great outpourings of volcanic lava flows warmed the Earth
’
s surface
an intense greenhouse condition due to increased levels of volcanic carbon dioxide
an intense greenhouse condition due to increased levels of volcanic carbon dioxide
What kind of wine do I drink?
Cabernet Sauvignon
Will you get smacked if you pinch my nipples?
Nah, go for it ;-) (as long as they aren’t tender)
Will I get angry if you pinch my ass?
Yes it hurts : (
How do scientists determine the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere 1000 years ago?
tree ring analysis
air bubbles in ice cores
oxygen isotope analysis
fossil pollen
air bubbles in ice cores
The rapid increase in carbon dioxide in the past 100 years has been can be attributed to:
burning fossil fuels
deforestation
volcanic eruptions
only a and b
all the above
only a and b
burning fossil fuels
deforestation
Which of the following was not__ reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on climate Change (IPCC)?
evidence exists that most of the warming in the past 50 years is due to human a influence
the future rate of warming is likely to be much greater than the past century
the average global temperature increases by 1 degree F during the 20th century
AlGore should be awarded an honorary degree in meteorology and climatology
AlGore should be awarded an honorary degree in meteorology and climatology
Which of the following gases is the most effective at absorbing heat radiation (terrestrial) emitted by the earth?
nitrogen dioxide
chlorofluorocarbons
methane
ozone
methane
Which of the following is added to the atmosphere by the application of agricultural fertilizers?
CFC
’
s
O3
CH4
N2O
N2O
What percent of the time do I like it kinky, rough, or want to role play? A) 25% B) 50% C) 75% D) 100%
25% (despite my kinky talk I am still girly when it comes to making love…the other 25% please have your way with me…unless you are the one in the cuffs..then you will do as you are told of course)
