Chapter 14

Question 1

Cerebral cortex

Answer 1

An extensive area of neutral cortex covering the surface of the cerebral hemispheres

Question 2

Gyri

Answer 2

A prominent fold or ridge of neutral cortex on the surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres

Question 3

Sulci

Answer 3

A groove or furrow

Question 4

Fissures

Answer 4

An elongate groove or opening

Question 5

Hemispheres

Answer 5

A of a sphere of cerebrum

Question 6

Contralateral

Answer 6

Relating to or denoting the side of the body opposite to that on which a particular structure or condition occur

Question 7

Ipsilateral

Answer 7

Belonging to or occurring on the same side of the body

Question 8

Occipital lobe

Answer 8

The rearmost lobe in each cerebral hemisphere of the brain

Question 9

Parietal bone

Answer 9

Either of the paired lobes of the brain at the top of the head. Including areas concerned with the reception and correlation of sensory information

Question 10

Temporal lobe

Answer 10

Each of the particular lobes of the brain lying beneath the temples. Including areas concerned with the understanding of speech

Question 11

Frontal lobe

Answer 11

Each of the paired lobes of the brain lying immediately behind the forehead, including areas concerned with behavior, learning, personally, and voluntary movement

Question 12

Prefrontal cortex

Answer 12

The gray matter of the anterior part of the frontal lobe that is highly developed in humans and plays a role in the regulation of complex cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning.

Question 13

Wernicke’s area

Answer 13

An area located in the rear of the left temporal lobe of the brain. It is associated with ability to recognize and understand spoken language

Question 14

Broca’s area

Answer 14

A brain center associated with the motor control of speech and usually located in the left side of the frontal lobe

Question 15

Insula

Answer 15

A region of the brain deep in the cerebral cortex

Question 16

Epidural

Answer 16

On or around the dura mater, in particular (of anesthetic) introduced into the space around the dura mater of the spinal cord

Question 17

Dura mater

Answer 17

A tough outermost membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord

Question 18

Arachnoid mater

Answer 18

A fine, delicate membrane, the middle one of the three membranes or meninges that surround the brain and spinal cord, situated between the dura mater and the pia mater

Question 19

Subarachnoid space

Answer 19

Is a potential space. Normally contains cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 20

Cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 20

Clear watery fluid that fills the space between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater

Question 21

Corpus callosum

Answer 21

A broad band of nerve fibers joining the two hemispheres of the brain

Question 22

Fornix

Answer 22

A triangular area of white matter in the mammalian brain between the hippocampus and hypothalamus

Question 23

Basal nuclei

Answer 23

Are masses of gray matter that lie within each hemisphere deep to the floor of the lateral ventricle

Question 24

Limbic system

Answer 24

A complex system of nerves and networks in the brain, involving several areas near the edge of the cortex concerned with instinct and mood.

Question 25

Amygdaloid body (amygdala)

Answer 25

A roughly almond-shaped mass of gray matter inside each cerebral hemispheres, involved with the experiencing of emotions

Question 26

Hippocampus

Answer 26

The elongated ridges on the floor of each lateral ventricle of the brain, thought to be the center of emption, memory, and the automatic nervous system.

Question 27

Diencephalon

Answer 27

A caudal (posterior) part of the forebrain, containing the epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus and ventral thalamus and the third ventricle

Question 28

Thalamus

Answer 28

Either of two masses of gray matter lying between the cerebral hemispheres on either side of the third ventricle relaying sensory information and acting as a center for pain perception

Question 29

Cerebrum

Answer 29

The largest portion of the brain, composed of the cerebral hemispheres; includes the cerebral cortex, the basal nuclei, and the internal capsule.

Question 30

Hypothalamus

Answer 30

A region of the forebrain below the thalamus

Question 31

Infundibulum

Answer 31

The hollow stalk that connects the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary gland

Question 32

Mesencephalon

Answer 32

The midbrain; the region between the diencephalon and pons

Question 33

Substantia nigra

Answer 33

A deeply pigmented area of the midbrain containing dopamine-producing nerve cells

Question 34

Parkinson's disease

Answer 34

A disorder of the central nervous system that affects movements, often including tremors

Question 35

Red nucleus

Answer 35

Is a structure in the rostral midbrain involved in motor coordination

Question 36

Brain stem

Answer 36

The central trunk of the mammalian brain, consisting of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain, and continuing downward to form the spinal cord

Question 37

Pons

Answer 37

A specific section of the brain formed by the rounded prominence on the front surface of the brainstem

Question 38

Medulla oblongata

Answer 38

The continuation of the spinal cord within the skull, forming the lowest part of the brainstem and containing control centers for the heart and lungs

Question 39

Cerebellum

Answer 39

The part of the brain at the back of the skull in vertebrates. Its function is to coordinates and the regulate muscular activity

Question 40

Purkinje cells

Answer 40

A nerve cell of a large, branched type found in the cortex of the cerebellum.

Question 41

Arbor vitae

Answer 41

The central, branching mass of white matter inside the cerebellum

Question 42

Ventricles

Answer 42

A fluid chamber in the brain, one of four fluid-filled interior chambers

Question 43

Choroid plexus

Answer 43

A network of blood vessels in each ventricle of the brain.nit is derived from the pia mater and produces the cerebrospinal fluid

Question 44

Blood-brain barrier

Answer 44

A filtering mechanism of the capillaries that carry blood to the brain and spinal cord tissue, blocking the passage of certain substances