CHAPTER 14 Flashcards
(28 cards)
Simony
Practice of bishops selling church positions
GOTHIC
Architecture form after classic Roman era, cathedrals
Urban II***
Started crusades
Crusade
Holy war to gain control of holy land by western Christians from Muslims in Byzantine empire
Saladin
Muslim leader and Kurdish warrior took over jeuresalem
Richard the lion hearted
Lead crusade to regain Jerusalem from Saladin, English king
Reconquista
Long effort to drive Muslims out of Spain
Inquisition
A court used to suppress non believers, torture and kill
Three field system
Uses 2/3 of land each season instead of 1/2
The Guild
Organizations of people in the same business works together to improve economy, social conditions of workers
Commercial revolution
Expansion of trade and business
Burghers
Merchant class, in towns new social class bounded together to demand rights
Thomas Aquinas
Mid 1200s scholar used logic to prove religion
Scholastics
Scholars who met at universities
William the Conquerer
Duke of Normandy (France) invaded England taking cousins throne, eventually claimed 1/5 of land for himself, centralizing gov.
Henry II
English King marries Eleanor of Aquitaine of France, descended of William, strengthened royal courts
Common law
Law that developed in these courts, used today to ensure unified law w/o bias
Parliament
Legislative group Edward I gathered to raise taxes for war, provided check on Royal power
Hugh Capet
Started Capetian dynasty
Phillip II
Only strong Capetian Phillip augustus took Normandy from King John
Estates general
Meeting of all classes in France like parliament did not check Royal power
Avignon
Pope Clement V moved to city after being appointed by Philip IV
Great Schism
Divide in church when two popes excommunicated each other
John Wycliffe
Englishman challenged papacy preached Jesus was head of church not pope. English translation of bible
