Chapter 5

Question 1

Alexandria

Answer 1

Egyptian city Alexander the Great founded. Foremost center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization. Lots of trade ships docked there. Population half a million by third century b. C.

Question 2

Euclid

Answer 2

Mathematician from Alexandria

His book, “Elements” contained 465 geometry proposition and proofs. Still used to teach basic geometry courses

Question 3

Archimedes

Answer 3

Physicist from Syracuse studied in Alexandria

Explained the law of lever and accurately estimated the value of pi

Question 4

Colossus of Rhodes

Answer 4

Bronze statue in Alexandria more than 100ft tall. Toppled by earthquake 225 b. C. And the bronze was sold for scraps. One 7 wonders of the ancient world.

Question 5

Hellenistic

Answer 5

Greek culture blended with Egyptian, Persian, and Indian

Question 6

Trojan war

Answer 6

1200 b. C. Ten year war with Troy, Anatolia vs. Greek army because the prince of Troy had kidnapped Helen(wife of Greek King)

Question 7

Homer

Answer 7

Blind storyteller from Greece

Question 8

Epic

Answer 8

Narrative poems celebrating heroic deeds

Question 9

Myth

Answer 9

Traditional stories

About gods

Question 10

Polis

Answer 10

Greek city state

Question 11

Acropolis

Answer 11

Fortified hill top

Question 12

Monarchy

Answer 12

Single ruler called King

Question 13

Aristocracy

Answer 13

Ruled by a small group of nobility called aristocrats

Question 14

Oligarchy

Answer 14

Government ruled by a few powerful people.

Question 15

Tyrant

Answer 15

Nobility sometimes seizes control of government with support from common folk

Question 16

Democracy

Answer 16

Ruled by the people

Question 17

Helot

Answer 17

Peasants forced to stay on the land they worked

Question 18

Phalanx

Answer 18

Hoplites stood in a row with sword and shield in hand

Question 19

Persian wars

Answer 19

Persia vs. Greeks

Started in Ionia. Battle of marathon. Greeks used narrow place to distinguish Persians advantage in numbers

Question 20

Direct democracy

Answer 20

Everyone votes. Not through elected representatives

Question 21

Classical art

Answer 21

Strives for ideal beauty not realism. Harmony balance, order, proportion

Question 22

Tragedy

Answer 22

Serious play about war, love hate, betrayal

Question 23

Comedy

Answer 23

Dramas involving crude humor

Question 24

Philosopher

Answer 24

Lover of wisdom

Question 25

Socrates

Answer 25

Greek philosopher that did not Believe in absolute standards for truth and justice

Question 26

Plato

Answer 26

Greek philosopher student of Socrates. Wrote the Republic on his ideal version of a perfectly governed society

Question 27

Aristotle

Answer 27

Philosopher questioned the nature of the world and human belief, thought, knowledge

Question 28

Philip 2

Answer 28

King of Macedonia dreamed of taking over Persia and its wealth

Question 29

Macedonia

Answer 29

Rough terrain, cold climate, north of Greece

Question 30

Darius 3

Answer 30

Persian King fought the Persian war