Chapter 14

Question 1

Self-Reliance

Answer 1

Lecture-essay that reflected American spirit of individualism

Question 2

rendezvous

Answer 2

French for “meeting”; the marketplace of the Northwest fur trade

Question 3

ecological imperialism

Answer 3

The spoilation of natural resources through excessive hunting, logging, mining, and grazing

Question 4

Ancient Order of Hibernians

Answer 4

Irish society that helped Irish immigrants in the U.S.

Question 5

Molly Maguires

Answer 5

Organization of Irish miners that campaigned against bad working conditions in Pennsylvania mines

Question 6

Tammany Hall

Answer 6

New York political machine that drew support from city’s immigrants

Question 7

Know-Nothing Party

Answer 7

Nativist political party who advocated more rigid restrictions on immigration and for laws to deport alien paupers

Question 8

Awful Disclosures

Answer 8

Expose of alleged horrors in Catholic covents

Question 9

Industrial Revolution

Answer 9

Shift towards mass production and mechanization

Question 10

cotton gin

Answer 10

Machine which sped up the process of harvesting cotton

Question 11

Patent Office

Answer 11

Federal government bureau that reviews patent applications

Question 12

limited liability

Answer 12

Legal principle that facilitates capital investment

Question 13

Commonwealth v Hunt

Answer 13

Massachusetts Supreme Court decision that upheld the legality of labor unions

Question 14

factory girls

Answer 14

Young women employed in the growing favtories of the early nineteenth century

Question 15

cult of domesticity

Answer 15

Nineteenth century cultural creed that veneratedthe domestic role of women

Question 16

McCormick reaper

Answer 16

Machine that mechanized the harvest of grains

Question 17

turnpike

Answer 17

Privately funded, toll based public roads

Question 18

Erie Canal

Answer 18

New York state canal that linked Lake Erie to the Hudson River

Question 19

clipper ships

Answer 19

Small swift vessels that gave Americans advantage in the carrying of trade

Question 20

Pony Express

Answer 20

Speedy mail service between Missouri and California

Question 21

transportation revolution

Answer 21

Series of nineteenth centure transportation innovations that linked local and regional markets

Question 22

market revolution

Answer 22

Eighteenth and nineteenth century transformation from a subsistence economy to a national commerce and industrial network